Alia-García Esther, Ponce-Alonso Manuel, Saralegui Claudia, Halperin Ana, Cortés Marta Paz, Baquero María Rosario, Parra-Pecharromán David, Galeano Javier, Del Campo Rosa
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain.
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 May 6;11(5):835. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11050835.
In recent years, the etiology of caries has evolved from a simplistic infectious perspective based on and/or activity, to a multifactorial disease involving a complex oral microbiota, the human genetic background and the environment. The aim of this work was to identify bacterial markers associated with early caries using massive 16S rDNA. To minimize the other factors, the composition of the oral microbiota of twins in which only one of them had caries was compared with their healthy sibling. Twenty-one monozygotic twin pairs without a previous diagnosis of caries were recruited in the context of their orthodontic treatment and divided into two categories: (1) caries group in which only one of the twins had caries; and (2) control group in which neither of the twins had caries. Each participant contributed a single oral lavage sample in which the bacterial composition was determined by 16S rDNA amplification and further high-throughput sequencing. Data analysis included statistical comparison of alpha and beta diversity, as well as differential taxa abundance between groups. Our results show that twins of the control group have a closer bacterial composition than those from the caries group. However, statistical differences were not detected and we were unable to find any particular bacterial marker by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing that could be useful for prevention strategies. Although these results should be validated in a larger population, including children from other places or ethnicities, we conclude that the occurrence of caries is not related to the increase of any particular bacterial population.
近年来，龋齿的病因已从基于 和/或 活性的简单感染观点，演变为一种涉及复杂口腔微生物群、人类遗传背景和环境的多因素疾病。这项工作的目的是使用大规模16S rDNA鉴定与早期龋齿相关的细菌标志物。为了尽量减少其他因素的影响，将其中只有一人患龋齿的双胞胎的口腔微生物群组成与其健康的同胞进行了比较。在正畸治疗过程中招募了21对未被诊断出龋齿的同卵双胞胎，并将其分为两类：（1）龋齿组，其中只有一名双胞胎患龋齿；（2）对照组，其中两名双胞胎均未患龋齿。每位参与者提供一份口腔灌洗样本，通过16S rDNA扩增和进一步的高通量测序来确定细菌组成。数据分析包括α和β多样性的统计比较，以及组间分类群丰度差异。我们的结果表明，对照组双胞胎的细菌组成比龋齿组双胞胎的细菌组成更接近。然而，未检测到统计学差异，并且我们无法通过16S rDNA高通量测序找到任何可用于预防策略的特定细菌标志物。尽管这些结果应在更大的人群中进行验证，包括来自其他地区或种族的儿童，但我们得出结论，龋齿的发生与任何特定细菌种群的增加无关。
