Valluzzi Carmelisa, Rando Andrea, Macciotta Nicolò P P, Gaspa Giustino, Di Gregorio Paola
Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Via De Nicola 9, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 7;11(5):1331. doi: 10.3390/ani11051331.
The Nero Lucano (NL) pig is a black coat colored breed characterized by a remarkable ability to adapt to the difficult territory and climatic conditions of Basilicata region in Southern Italy. In the second half of the twentieth century, technological innovation, agricultural evolution, new breeding methods and the demand for increasingly lean meat brought the breed almost to extinction. Only in 2001, thanks to local institutions such as: the Basilicata Region, the University of Basilicata, the Regional Breeders Association and the Medio Basento mountain community, the NL pig returned to populate the area with the consequent possibility to appreciate again its specific cured meat products. We analyzed the pedigrees recorded by the breeders and the Illumina Porcine SNP60 BeadChip genotypes in order to obtain the genetic structure of the NL pig. Results evidenced that this population is characterized by long mean generation intervals (up to 3.5 yr), low effective population size (down to 7.2) and high mean inbreeding coefficients (F = 0.53, F = 0.39). This picture highlights the low level of genetic variability and the critical issues to be faced for the complete recovery of this population.
内罗卢卡诺（NL）猪是一种毛色为黑色的猪种，其显著特点是能够很好地适应意大利南部巴西利卡塔地区恶劣的地形和气候条件。在20世纪下半叶，技术创新、农业发展、新的育种方法以及对瘦肉需求的增加，使得该猪种几乎灭绝。直到2001年，多亏了当地机构，如巴西利卡塔地区、巴西利卡塔大学、地区养殖者协会和梅迪奥-巴森托山区社区，NL猪才重新在该地区繁衍，从而有可能再次品尝到其特色腌肉产品。我们分析了养殖者记录的系谱以及Illumina猪SNP60芯片基因型，以获得NL猪的遗传结构。结果表明，该群体的特点是平均世代间隔长（长达3.5年）、有效群体数量低（低至7.2）以及平均近亲繁殖系数高（F = 0.53，F = 0.39）。这一情况凸显了该群体遗传变异性水平较低以及在完全恢复该群体过程中面临的关键问题。
