Lewandowski Kristina, Zhang Xiaoyu, Hayes Micala, Ferruzzi Mario G, Paton Chad M
Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Foods. 2021 May 7;10(5):1019. doi: 10.3390/foods10051019.
Worldwide undernutrition affects over 820 million individuals and is the underlying cause of over 50% of all childhood deaths. Sweet potatoes have been promoted to address vitamin A (vitA) deficiency, with a single, orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) providing enough vitA, as β-carotene, to meet daily needs. However, the bioavailability of β-carotene is dependent on the presence of dietary fat, which is not provided by OFSP, and it lacks some essential amino acids. Therefore, in an attempt to create a food product that meets daily vitA requirements with adequate bioavailability and complete protein, we designed and assessed a sweet potato, peanut paste, and legume product. The final food product formulation, developed through computer modeling, resulted in a 65/5/35 () formulation in a 250 g serving and ~330 kcal. We then confirmed the nutrient content of macronutrients, and essential amino acids, zinc, and iron contents. Total β-carotene was assessed by HPLC and was lower than predicted through computer modeling, likely due to losses through thermal processing and/or degradation from storage. The results of this project indicate that the three ingredients can be combined into a single 250 g food product to provide >300 kcal energy, complete protein, and micronutrients in a more bioavailable form.
全球范围内，营养不良影响着超过8.2亿人，是导致超过50%的儿童死亡的根本原因。红薯已被推广用于解决维生素A（vitA）缺乏问题，单个橙色果肉红薯（OFSP）所含的β-胡萝卜素形式的vitA足以满足每日需求。然而，β-胡萝卜素的生物利用度取决于膳食脂肪的存在，而OFSP中并不含有膳食脂肪，并且它还缺乏一些必需氨基酸。因此，为了创造一种能满足每日vitA需求、具有足够生物利用度且含有完全蛋白质的食品，我们设计并评估了一种红薯、花生酱和豆类产品。通过计算机建模开发出的最终食品配方，制成一份250克的产品，其配方比例为65/5/35（），热量约为330千卡。然后我们确认了宏量营养素的营养成分以及必需氨基酸、锌和铁的含量。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）评估了总β-胡萝卜素含量，结果低于计算机建模预测值，这可能是由于热加工造成的损失和/或储存过程中的降解所致。该项目的结果表明，这三种成分可以组合成一份250克的单一食品，以更具生物利用度的形式提供超过300千卡的能量、完全蛋白质和微量营养素。
