Čabalová Iveta, Bélik Michal, Kučerová Viera, Jurczyková Tereza
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia.
Department of Wood Processing, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Kamýcká 1176, 16521 Praha, Czech Republic.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 May 17;13(10):1619. doi: 10.3390/polym13101619.
Chemical composition and morphological properties of Norway spruce wood and bark were evaluated. The extractives, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin contents were determined by wet chemistry methods. The dimensional characteristics of the fibers (length and width) were measured by Fiber Tester. The results of the chemical analysis of wood and bark show the differences between the trunk and top part, as well as in the different heights of the trunk and in the cross section of the trunk. The biggest changes were noticed between bark trunk and bark top. The bark top contains 10% more of extractives and 9.5% less of lignin. Fiber length and width depends on the part of the tree, while the average of these properties are larger depending on height. Both wood and bark from the trunk contains a higher content of fines (fibers <0.3 mm) and less content of longer fibers (>0.5 mm) compared to the top. During storage, it reached a decrease of extractives mainly in bark. Wood from the trunk retained very good durability in terms of chemical composition during the storage. In view of the morphological characteristics, it occurred to decrease both average fibers length and width in wood and bark.
对挪威云杉木和树皮的化学成分及形态特性进行了评估。通过湿化学方法测定了提取物、纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的含量。用纤维测试仪测量了纤维的尺寸特性（长度和宽度）。木材和树皮的化学分析结果显示了树干和顶部之间、树干不同高度以及树干横截面之间的差异。树皮树干和树皮顶部之间的变化最为明显。树皮顶部的提取物含量多10%，木质素含量少9.5%。纤维长度和宽度取决于树的部位，而这些特性的平均值随高度增加而变大。与顶部相比，树干的木材和树皮中细纤维（<0.3毫米）含量较高，较长纤维（>0.5毫米）含量较低。在储存过程中，主要是树皮中的提取物含量下降。树干的木材在储存期间化学成分方面保持了很好的耐久性。从形态特征来看，木材和树皮的平均纤维长度和宽度均有所下降。
