Wójcik Anna, Powierża Kinga
Department of Animal and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 5 Oczapowski Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 17;11(5):1435. doi: 10.3390/ani11051435.
Abnormal repetitive behaviors often pose problems for dog owners. Such behaviors are considered undesirable if they pose a nuisance or a danger to humans. Ancient dog breeds are intelligent, sociable, active, boisterous and need regular outdoor exercise, but are also independent and reluctant to follow commands. This study aimed to identify factors (breed, sex, origin, housing conditions) and situations that contribute to undesirable behaviors, such as aggression towards humans and other dogs/animals, separation anxiety, excessive vocalization, and oral and locomotion behaviors in Akita, Alaskan Malamute, Basenji, Samoyed and Siberian husky. Undesirable behaviors in dogs were analyzed based on the results of 897 questionnaires. Breed influenced aggressive behavior towards other dogs/animals, aggression towards humans, undesirable oral and locomotion behaviors, and excessive vocalization. Aggressive behaviors were more prevalent in females than in males. Housing conditions were linked with aggression towards other dogs/animals, aggression at mealtime, and excessive vocalization. Undesirable behaviors were most frequently reported in Akitas, Siberian huskies and Samoyeds, and they were more prevalent in males than in females and dogs living indoors with or without access to a backyard. Aggressive behaviors towards other dogs and animals, excessive vocalization and undesirable motor activities posed the greatest problems in ancient dog breeds.
异常重复行为常常给狗主人带来困扰。如果这些行为对人类造成滋扰或危险，就会被视为不良行为。古老犬种聪明、友善、活跃、喧闹，需要定期进行户外活动，但它们也很独立，不太愿意听从指令。本研究旨在确定导致秋田犬、阿拉斯加雪橇犬、巴仙吉犬、萨摩耶犬和哈士奇等犬种出现攻击人类和其他狗/动物、分离焦虑、过度吠叫以及口腔和运动行为等不良行为的因素（品种、性别、来源、饲养条件）和情况。基于897份调查问卷的结果，对犬类的不良行为进行了分析。品种会影响对其他狗/动物的攻击行为、对人类的攻击行为、不良的口腔和运动行为以及过度吠叫。攻击行为在雌性犬中比在雄性犬中更为普遍。饲养条件与对其他狗/动物的攻击行为、进食时的攻击行为以及过度吠叫有关。秋田犬、哈士奇和萨摩耶犬中不良行为的报告最为频繁，并且在雄性犬以及无论是否有后院的室内饲养犬中比在雌性犬中更为普遍。对其他狗和动物表现出的攻击行为、过度吠叫以及不良的运动活动在古老犬种中造成的问题最为严重。
