Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Ibermutua (Mutual Collaborator of Social Security nº 274), 28043 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 13;18(10):5157. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105157.
Recent studies in Spain have shown that males, younger workers, and people involved in manual jobs had the highest risk of suffering a work-related eye injury (WREI). This study aims to assess the predictors of sick leave associated with WREI and to compare them with risk factors of initial injury. A retrospective and descriptive study of WREI that causes sick leave of one or more days among workers from an insurance labor mutual company in Spain was conducted over a period from 2008 to 2018. The variables of the study were sex, age, occupation, and type of injury. A total of 9352 (18.6% of 50,265 WREI) cases and 113,395 total days of sick leave were observed, with an estimated EUR 4,994,009.59 of associated labor cost. The main predictors of sick leave related to WREI were found to be female (highest incidence; 25.9 (95% CI (24.8-27.1))), >55 years of age (highest incidence; 20.5 (95% CI (19.3-21.7))), not working in the industry (lowest incidence; 13.8 (95% CI (13.3-14.2))), and not suffering "other disorders of conjunctiva" (lowest incidence; 5.7 (95% CI (4.7-6.8))). The consequences associated with WREI are worse for female and older workers, despite the main risk of suffering WREI being observed in males and younger workers.
西班牙的近期研究表明，男性、年轻工人和从事体力劳动的人患与工作相关的眼部损伤（WREI）的风险最高。本研究旨在评估与 WREI 相关的病假预测因素，并将其与初始损伤的危险因素进行比较。这是一项对西班牙一家保险劳动互助公司的工人因 WREI 导致 1 天或以上病假的回顾性和描述性研究，研究时间为 2008 年至 2018 年。研究的变量包括性别、年龄、职业和损伤类型。共观察到 9352 例（50265 例 WREI 的 18.6%）和 113395 天的总病假，估计相关劳动力成本为 4994009.59 欧元。与 WREI 相关的病假的主要预测因素是女性（发病率最高；25.9（95%CI（24.8-27.1）））、年龄>55 岁（发病率最高；20.5（95%CI（19.3-21.7）））、不在工业部门工作（发病率最低；13.8（95%CI（13.3-14.2）））和未患有“其他结膜疾病”（发病率最低；5.7（95%CI（4.7-6.8）））。尽管男性和年轻工人是 WREI 的主要风险人群，但女性和老年工人因 WREI 而导致的后果更严重。
