医学研究中的基础统计学原理：关于比值比、相对风险、绝对风险和治疗所需人数的教程
Foundational Statistical Principles in Medical Research: A Tutorial on Odds Ratios, Relative Risk, Absolute Risk, and Number Needed to Treat.
作者信息
Monaghan Thomas F, Rahman Syed N, Agudelo Christina W, Wein Alan J, Lazar Jason M, Everaert Karel, Dmochowski Roger R
机构信息
Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 25;18(11):5669. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115669.
Abstract
Evidence-based medicine is predicated on the integration of best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to inform care. In medical research, several distinct measures are commonly used to describe the associations between variables, and a sound understanding of these pervasive measures is foundational in the clinician's ability to interpret, synthesize, and apply available evidence from the medical literature. Accordingly, this article aims to provide an educational tutorial/topic primer on some of the most ubiquitous measures of association and risk quantification in medical research, including odds ratios, relative risk, absolute risk, and number needed to treat, using several real-world examples from the medical literature.
摘要
循证医学基于将最佳可得研究证据与临床专业知识及患者价值观相结合，以为医疗提供依据。在医学研究中，通常使用几种不同的测量方法来描述变量之间的关联，而对这些普遍使用的测量方法有充分的理解是临床医生解读、综合和应用医学文献中现有证据能力的基础。因此，本文旨在通过医学文献中的几个实际例子，提供一个关于医学研究中一些最常见的关联测量和风险量化方法的教学教程/主题入门介绍，包括比值比、相对风险、绝对风险和需治疗人数。
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