Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 28;18(11):5791. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115791.
Fluoride is recommended for its cariostatic effect, but excessive fluoride intake may have health risks. Increased prevalence of dental fluorosis in areas with low fluoride content in drinking water has been attributed to the inappropriate excessive intake of fluoride supplements (tablets and drops) and toothpaste ingestion. The aim of the present study was to estimate the fluoride intake and the risk of fluorosis in children (6 months-6 years) in the Castelli Romani area (province of Rome, Italy), which is volcanic, therefore with a higher concentration of fluorine. Measurements of the fluoride content in drinking water, mineral waters, vegetables and commercial toothpaste for children were performed. The fluoride concentrations of all samples were determined using a Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode (GLP 22, Crison, Esp). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Differences between samples were determined by Student's -test. The fluoride content in tap water samples collected from public sources averaged from 0.35 to 1.11 ppm. The Pavona area showed the highest content of fluoride with respect to the others ( ≤ 0.05). The fluoride content in mineral water samples averaged from 0.07 to 1.50 ppm. The fluoride content of some vegetables showed increased mean values when compared to control vegetables ( ≤ 0.05). Within the limitations of the present study, considerations should be made when prescribing fluoride toothpaste for infants (6 months-4 years) in the areas with high fluoride content, because involuntary ingestion is consistent.
氟化物因其抗龋作用而被推荐，但过量摄入氟化物可能存在健康风险。在饮用水中氟含量低的地区，氟斑牙的患病率增加，这归因于氟化物补充剂（片剂和滴剂）和牙膏摄入的不当过量。本研究旨在评估意大利罗马省卡斯特利罗马尼地区（Castelli Romani 地区）儿童（6 个月至 6 岁）的氟化物摄入量和氟中毒风险，该地区为火山地区，因此氟含量较高。对饮用水、矿泉水、蔬菜和儿童用商业牙膏中的氟化物含量进行了测量。所有样品的氟化物浓度均采用氟离子选择电极（GLP 22，Crison，Esp）进行测定。数据采用描述性统计进行分析。通过学生 t 检验确定样品之间的差异。从公共水源采集的自来水样本中氟化物的含量平均值为 0.35 至 1.11ppm。与其他地区相比，Pavona 地区的氟化物含量最高（≤0.05）。矿泉水样本的氟化物含量平均值为 0.07 至 1.50ppm。与对照蔬菜相比，一些蔬菜的氟化物含量显示出均值增加（≤0.05）。在本研究的限制范围内，对于高氟地区的婴儿（6 个月至 4 岁），在开处方含氟牙膏时应考虑这一点，因为非自愿摄入是一致的。
