Czarnobilska Ewa, Bulanda Małgorzata, Bulanda Daniel, Mazur Marcel
Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Botaniczna St. 3, 31-501 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 May 28;10(11):2383. doi: 10.3390/jcm10112383.
Until now, the simultaneous influence of air pollution assessed by measuring the objective marker of exposition (1-hydroxypirene, 1-OHP) and atopy on the development of allergic airway diseases has not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the pathomechanism of the allergic response to PM2.5 in atopic and non-atopic patients. We investigated the changes in peripheral blood basophil activity of patients after stimulation with the birch pollen allergen alone, the allergen combined with PM2.5 (BP), PM2.5 alone, a concentration of 1-OHP in urine, and a distance of residence from the main road in 30 persons. Activation by dust alone was positive for all concentrations in 83% of atopic and 75% of non-atopic assays. In the group of people with atopy, the simultaneous activation of BP gave a higher percentage of active basophils compared to the sum of activation with dust and birch pollen alone (B + P) for all concentrations. The difference between BP and B + P was 117.5 ( = 0.02) at a PM concentration of 100 μg. Such a relationship was not observed in the control group. The correlation coefficient between the distance of residence from major roads and urinary 1-OHP was 0.62. A Pearson correlation analysis of quantitative variables was performed, and positive correlation results were obtained in the atopy group between BP and 1-OH-P. Exposure to birch pollen and PM2.5 has a synergistic effect in sensitized individuals. The higher the exposure to pollutants, the higher the synergistic basophil response to the allergen and PM in atopic patients.
到目前为止，通过测量暴露的客观标志物（1-羟基芘，1-OHP）评估的空气污染与特应性对过敏性气道疾病发展的同时影响尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是确定特应性和非特应性患者对PM2.5过敏反应的发病机制。我们调查了30名患者在单独用桦树花粉过敏原、过敏原与PM2.5联合（BP）、单独PM2.5刺激后外周血嗜碱性粒细胞活性的变化，尿液中1-OHP的浓度，以及住所与主干道的距离。仅灰尘激活在83%的特应性检测和75%的非特应性检测中对所有浓度均为阳性。在特应性人群组中，与单独用灰尘和桦树花粉激活（B + P）的总和相比，BP同时激活在所有浓度下产生的活性嗜碱性粒细胞百分比更高。在PM浓度为100 μg时，BP与B + P之间的差异为117.5（ = 0.02）。对照组未观察到这种关系。住所与主干道的距离与尿1-OHP之间的相关系数为0.62。对定量变量进行了Pearson相关分析，在特应性组中BP与1-OH-P之间获得了正相关结果。暴露于桦树花粉和PM2.5在致敏个体中具有协同作用。在特应性患者中，污染物暴露越高，嗜碱性粒细胞对过敏原和PM的协同反应越高。
