Gadoin Elsa, Durand Lucile, Guillou Aurélie, Crochemore Sandrine, Bouvier Thierry, Roque Emmanuelle, Dagorn Laurent, Auguet Jean-Christophe, Adingra Antoinette, Desnues Christelle, Bettarel Yvan
MARBEC, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France.
Centre de Recherches Océanologiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Microorganisms. 2021 May 27;9(6):1157. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9061157.
In recent years, a growing number of studies sought to examine the composition and the determinants of the gut microflora in marine animals, including fish. For tropical tuna, which are among the most consumed fish worldwide, there is scarce information on their enteric bacterial communities and how they evolve during fish growth. In this study, we used metabarcoding of the 16S rDNA gene to (1) describe the diversity and composition of the gut bacteriome in the three most fished tuna species (skipjack, yellowfin and bigeye), and (2) to examine its intra-specific variability from juveniles to larger adults. Although there was a remarkable convergence of taxonomic richness and bacterial composition between yellowfin and bigeyes tuna, the gut bacteriome of skipjack tuna was distinct from the other two species. Throughout fish growth, the enteric bacteriome of yellowfin and bigeyes also showed significant modifications, while that of skipjack tuna remained relatively homogeneous. Finally, our results suggest that the gut bacteriome of marine fish may not always be subject to structural modifications during their growth, especially in species that maintain a steady feeding behavior during their lifetime.
近年来，越来越多的研究试图探究包括鱼类在内的海洋动物肠道微生物群的组成及其决定因素。对于全球消费量最大的鱼类之一——热带金枪鱼，关于其肠道细菌群落以及这些菌落在鱼类生长过程中如何演变的信息却很匮乏。在本研究中，我们利用16S rDNA基因的宏条形码技术来：（1）描述三种捕捞量最大的金枪鱼品种（鲣鱼、黄鳍金枪鱼和大眼金枪鱼）肠道细菌群落的多样性和组成，以及（2）研究从幼鱼到成年大鱼其肠道细菌群落在种内的变异性。尽管黄鳍金枪鱼和大眼金枪鱼在分类丰富度和细菌组成上有显著趋同，但鲣鱼的肠道细菌群落与其他两个品种不同。在鱼类生长过程中，黄鳍金枪鱼和大眼金枪鱼的肠道细菌群落也表现出显著变化，而鲣鱼的肠道细菌群落则保持相对稳定。最后，我们的研究结果表明，海洋鱼类的肠道细菌群落可能在其生长过程中并不总是会发生结构变化，特别是对于那些在一生中保持稳定摄食行为的品种。
