Raina Ankush, Irfan Ul Haq Mir, Anand Ankush, Mohan Sanjay, Kumar Rajiv, Jayalakshmi Subramanian, Arvind Singh Ramachandra
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra 182320, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 May 29;11(6):1438. doi: 10.3390/nano11061438.
Nanodiamond (ND) particles are effective lubricant additives. Attention of research has shifted towards investigating the particles as secondary additives. ND particles provide more benefits as secondary additives than as the sole lubricant additive for steel-steel contacts. In this work, the influence of ND particles as secondary additives on oil lubrication of steel-aluminium tribopair (hard-soft contact) was examined. AISI 52100 steel balls were slid against AA2024 aluminium alloy discs, in the presence of polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil, in boundary lubrication regime (applied normal load: 10 N to 50 N). Primary additives were copper oxide (CuO) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles. The addition of ND particles to PAO, with CuO and h-BN as primary additives, at the lowest applied normal load of 10 N: (i) decreased the volumetric wear of the aluminium discs by 28% and 63%, respectively, and (ii) decreased the coefficient of friction by 15% and 33%, respectively. At the highest applied normal load of 50 N, it: (i) decreased the volumetric wear of the aluminium discs by 20% and 38%, respectively, and (ii) decreased the coefficient of friction by 5.4% and 8%, respectively. ND particles as secondary additives significantly reduce energy loss and power loss as a consequence of an effective reduction in friction during sliding. Unique characteristics of ND particles-such as their (a) physicochemical and thermal properties, (b) ball bearing and polishing effects and (c) synergistic interaction with primary additives to form stable tribofilms-enhance the lubrication performance of steel-aluminium contact. ND particles in combination with h-BN nanoparticles showed the best performance, due to better synergy between the primary additive and the secondary additive. Results from the investigation indicate that ND particles taken as secondary additives in small amount (0.2 wt%) can improve oil lubrication performance of hard-soft contacts in engineering systems.
纳米金刚石（ND）颗粒是有效的润滑剂添加剂。研究注意力已转向将这些颗粒作为二次添加剂进行研究。作为二次添加剂，ND颗粒比作为钢-钢接触的唯一润滑剂添加剂具有更多益处。在这项工作中，研究了作为二次添加剂的ND颗粒对钢-铝摩擦副（硬-软接触）油润滑的影响。在聚α烯烃（PAO）基础油存在的边界润滑状态下（施加的法向载荷：10 N至50 N），将AISI 52100钢球与AA2024铝合金圆盘进行滑动摩擦。主要添加剂是氧化铜（CuO）和六方氮化硼（h-BN）纳米颗粒。在10 N的最低施加法向载荷下，向PAO中添加ND颗粒，并以CuO和h-BN作为主要添加剂：（i）分别使铝圆盘的体积磨损降低了28%和63%，（ii）分别使摩擦系数降低了15%和33%。在50 N的最高施加法向载荷下，它：（i）分别使铝圆盘的体积磨损降低了20%和38%，（ii）分别使摩擦系数降低了5.4%和8%。作为二次添加剂的ND颗粒由于在滑动过程中有效降低了摩擦，从而显著降低了能量损失和功率损失。ND颗粒的独特特性，如它们的（a）物理化学和热性能、（b）滚珠轴承和抛光作用以及（c）与主要添加剂形成稳定摩擦膜的协同相互作用，增强了钢-铝接触的润滑性能。由于主要添加剂和二次添加剂之间具有更好的协同作用，ND颗粒与h-BN纳米颗粒组合表现出最佳性能。研究结果表明，少量（0.2 wt%）作为二次添加剂的ND颗粒可以改善工程系统中硬-软接触的油润滑性能。
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