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短链和支链脂肪酸作为素食者和杂食者肠道微生物活性的粪便标志物。

Short- and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids as Fecal Markers for Microbiota Activity in Vegans and Omnivores.

机构信息

Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany.

Research Group Intestinal Microbiology, Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2021 May 26;13(6):1808. doi: 10.3390/nu13061808.

DOI:10.3390/nu13061808
PMID:34073495
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8230270/
Abstract

A vegan diet could impact microbiota composition and bacterial metabolites like short-chain (SCFA) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA). The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of SCFA, BCFA, ammonia, and fecal pH between vegans and omnivores. In this cross-sectional study (vegans = 36; omnivores = 36), microbiota composition, fecal SCFA, BCFA, and ammonia concentrations and pH were analyzed in complete stool samples. A random forest regression (RFR) was used to identify bacteria predicting SCFA/BCFA concentrations in vegans and omnivores. No significant differences in SCFA and BCFA concentrations were observed between vegans and omnivores. Fecal pH ( = 0.005) and ammonia concentration ( = 0.01) were significantly lower in vegans than in omnivores, while fiber intake was higher ( < 0.0001). Shannon diversity was higher in omnivores compared to vegans on species level ( = 0.04) only. In vegans, a cluster of , , spp., and spp. was predictive for SCFA and BCFA concentrations. In omnivores, spp., spp., spp., and were predictive. Though SCFA and BCFA did not differ between vegans and omnivores, the results of the RFR suggest that bacterial functionality may be adapted to varying nutrient availability in these diets.

摘要

素食饮食可能会影响微生物群落组成和细菌代谢产物，如短链（SCFA）和支链脂肪酸（BCFA）。本研究旨在比较素食者和杂食者之间 SCFA、BCFA、氨和粪便 pH 的浓度。在这项横断面研究（素食者=36；杂食者=36）中，分析了完整粪便样本中的微生物群落组成、粪便 SCFA、BCFA 和氨浓度以及 pH。使用随机森林回归（RFR）来确定预测素食者和杂食者中 SCFA/BCFA 浓度的细菌。素食者和杂食者之间的 SCFA 和 BCFA 浓度没有显著差异。素食者的粪便 pH（=0.005）和氨浓度（=0.01）明显低于杂食者，而膳食纤维摄入量更高（<0.0001）。在物种水平上，杂食者的 Shannon 多样性高于素食者（=0.04）。在素食者中，一簇 、 、 和 被预测为 SCFA 和 BCFA 浓度。在杂食者中， 、 、 、 和 是预测因素。尽管素食者和杂食者之间的 SCFA 和 BCFA 没有差异，但 RFR 的结果表明，细菌功能可能适应这些饮食中不同的营养可用性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/fafa98e54377/nutrients-13-01808-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/a46ab33f1a1c/nutrients-13-01808-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/9c9cc516b16f/nutrients-13-01808-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/d84e23ec7d18/nutrients-13-01808-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/2c8849071ef9/nutrients-13-01808-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/4fefe1fb39f3/nutrients-13-01808-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/fafa98e54377/nutrients-13-01808-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/a46ab33f1a1c/nutrients-13-01808-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/9c9cc516b16f/nutrients-13-01808-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/d84e23ec7d18/nutrients-13-01808-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/2c8849071ef9/nutrients-13-01808-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/4fefe1fb39f3/nutrients-13-01808-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/52be/8230270/fafa98e54377/nutrients-13-01808-g006.jpg

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