Martin N G, Jardine R, Andrews G, Heath A C
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1988 Jun;77(6):698-706. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb05190.x.
Data from 2,903 adult same-sex twin pairs were analysed to investigate whether the genetic determinants of symptoms of panic are different from those underlying the neuroticism personality trait. Our results suggest that much of the genetic variation influencing the physical symptoms associated with panic is of the nonadditive type, perhaps due to dominance or epistasis. In both sexes these nonadditive genetic effects on physical symptoms influence the reporting of "feelings of panic". In males they also account for as much as half the genetic variance in neuroticism. The remainder is additive and also accounts for the balance of genetic variation in "feelings of panic". In females genetic variance in neuroticism is entirely additive but is not an important source of covariation with either panic symptom. Thus, symptoms of panic seem to be shaped in part by unique genetic influences which do not affect other anxiety symptoms. That a substantial part of the genetic variance in neuroticism in males may be due to the nonadditive effects on physical symptoms of panic may help to explain the rather low correlation between the genetic influences found to affect neuroticism in males and their counterparts in females.
对2903对成年同性双胞胎的数据进行了分析，以调查惊恐症状的遗传决定因素是否与神经质人格特质的遗传决定因素不同。我们的结果表明，影响与惊恐相关的身体症状的许多遗传变异是非加性类型的，这可能是由于显性或上位性作用。在男女两性中，这些对身体症状的非加性遗传效应都会影响“惊恐感觉”的报告。在男性中，它们还占神经质遗传变异的一半之多。其余的是加性效应，也占“惊恐感觉”遗传变异的其余部分。在女性中，神经质的遗传变异完全是加性的，但不是与任何一种惊恐症状共变的重要来源。因此，惊恐症状似乎部分是由独特的遗传影响塑造的，这些影响不会影响其他焦虑症状。男性神经质遗传变异的很大一部分可能归因于对惊恐身体症状的非加性效应，这可能有助于解释在男性和女性中发现的影响神经质的遗传影响之间相当低的相关性。
