Eaves L J, Martin N G, Heath A C, Hewitt J K, Neale M C
Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298-0083.
Behav Genet. 1990 Sep;20(5):563-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01065872.
The relationship between reproductive success (number of biological children) and personality was explored in 1101 postmenopausal females from the Australian twin registry. The quadratic response surface relating fitness to extraversion (E) and neuroticism (N) showed a saddle point at intermediate levels of E and N. Selection was shown to be stabilizing, i.e., having an intermediate optimum, along the axis low E, low N-high E, high N and more mildly disruptive, having greater fitness in the extremes, along the axis low N, high E-high N, low E. Neither dimension of personality considered by itself showed a significant linear or quadratic relationship to reproductive success. Sections through the fitness surface, however, show selection tends to favor high neuroticism levels in introverts and low neuroticism levels in extroverts.
在澳大利亚双胞胎登记处的1101名绝经后女性中，研究了生殖成功率（亲生子女数量）与人格之间的关系。将适应性与外向性（E）和神经质（N）相关联的二次响应面在E和N的中间水平处显示出一个鞍点。结果表明，沿着低E、低N - 高E、高N轴，选择具有稳定性，即具有中间最优值；而沿着低N、高E - 高N、低E轴，选择具有更大的破坏性，在极端情况下具有更高的适应性。单独考虑人格的任何一个维度，都未显示出与生殖成功率存在显著的线性或二次关系。然而，通过适应性曲面得出的截面表明，选择倾向于偏爱内向者中的高神经质水平和外向者中的低神经质水平。
