Polymorphisms of rs2483205 and rs562556 in the PCSK9 gene are associated with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular risk factors.

PCSK9 plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism. This case-control study explored the associations of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PCSK9 gene with coronary artery disease (CAD) (≥ 1 coronary artery stenosis ≥ 50%) and its risk factors in the Han population in Xinjiang, China. Four tag SNPs (rs11583680, rs2483205, rs2495477 and rs562556) of the PCSK9 gene were genotyped in 950 CAD patients and 1082 healthy controls. The distributions of genotypes in rs2483205 and rs562556 were significantly different between the groups (all p < 0.05). The TT genotype of rs2483205, GG genotype of rs562556, and their H4 (T-G) haplotype were associated with CAD [odds ratio (OR) 0.65, confidence interval (CI) 0.45-0.95, p = 0.024; 0.63, 0.45-0.90, p = 0.011; 0.50, 0.35-0.70, p < 0.001, respectively]. Additionally, the model (TT + CT vs. CC) of rs2483205 was associated with increased risk of obesity, and the G allele of rs562556 was associated with lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), and mean platelet volume (MPV) (all p < 0.05). rs2483205, rs562556, and their H4 haplotype of the PCSK9 gene were associated with CAD. Additionally, rs2483205 is associated with obesity, and rs562556 is associated with LDL-C, blood glucose, BMI, and MPV.