College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China.
Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
Zool Res. 2021 Jul 18;42(4):406-411. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.292.
Changes in abiotic and biotic factors can affect the efficiency of biological systems in animals, forcing them to adjust their behaviors in response to daily and seasonal variations. From September 2016 to August 2017, we collected ranging behavior data on four groups of white-headed langurs ( ) in the Guangxi Chongzuo White-Headed Langur National Nature Reserve, Guangxi, southwest China. We simultaneously analyzed how multiple ecological factors affect langur ranging behavior, which should facilitate our understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying their adaptation to limestone habitats. Results showed that langur ranging behavior was significantly affected by diet composition, food availability, and climatic factors. Specifically, moving time and daily path length increased with the increase in dietary diversity. Furthermore, moving time and daily path length were positively associated with the availability of fruit and relative humidity of the forest, and moderately associated with temperature and relative humidity of bare rock. Our study demonstrated that langurs maintain stable moving and feeding times and exhibit a short daily travel distance, likely adopting an energy-conserving behavioral strategy in response to food shortages and high temperatures in the fragmented karst forest. These results highlight the importance of food availability and temperature in shaping the ranging behavior of these karst-dwelling primates.
生境和生物因素的变化会影响动物生物系统的效率，迫使它们调整行为以适应日常和季节性变化。2016 年 9 月至 2017 年 8 月，我们在中国西南部广西壮族自治区崇左白头叶猴国家级自然保护区收集了四组白头叶猴的活动范围行为数据。我们同时分析了多种生态因素如何影响叶猴的活动范围行为，这有助于我们理解它们适应石灰岩栖息地的潜在机制。结果表明，叶猴的活动范围行为受到饮食组成、食物可利用性和气候因素的显著影响。具体来说，移动时间和每日路径长度随饮食多样性的增加而增加。此外，移动时间和每日路径长度与果实的可利用性和森林的相对湿度呈正相关，与裸岩的温度和相对湿度呈中度相关。我们的研究表明，叶猴保持稳定的移动和觅食时间，并表现出较短的每日旅行距离，这可能是一种节能行为策略，以应对碎片化喀斯特森林中的食物短缺和高温。这些结果强调了食物可利用性和温度在塑造这些喀斯特栖息灵长类动物活动范围行为中的重要性。
