Leung Martin, Alghamdi Reem, Guallart Inés Fernandez, Bergamini Marco, Yu Paul Yc, Froum Stuart J, Cho Sang-Choon
Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2021 May-Jun;41(3):e121-e128. doi: 10.11607/prd.5265.
The posterior maxilla has traditionally presented a challenge for successful placement of dental implants due to a combination of poor bone quality, ridge atrophy, and pneumatization of the sinus floor following tooth extraction. However, with the successful and predictable surgical outcomes reported in the literature, more clinicians and patients are choosing an implant-supported restoration in the edentulous posterior maxilla. Consequently, sinus elevation and augmentation have gained more popularity. Extensive research has been conducted on types of bone graft materials and implants, less-invasive techniques to perform sinus augmentation, and timing for implant placement for sinus grafting. Despite the predictability of the techniques and biomaterials employed in sinus grafting procedures, intra- and postoperative complications are common. Much of the current literature discusses the local risk factors related to sinus augmentation, with few studies focusing on the patient-related risk factors. The purpose of this review is to identify, evaluate, and discuss the possible management of patient-related risk factors to allow for more predictable maxillary sinus floor augmentation outcomes.
由于骨质不佳、牙槽嵴萎缩以及拔牙后上颌窦底气化等多种因素的综合作用，传统上后牙区上颌骨的牙种植体成功植入一直面临挑战。然而，鉴于文献中报道的手术结果成功且可预测，越来越多的临床医生和患者选择在无牙后牙区上颌骨进行种植体支持的修复。因此，上颌窦提升和增骨术越来越受欢迎。关于骨移植材料和种植体的类型、进行上颌窦增骨术的微创技术以及种植体植入用于上颌窦植骨的时机，已经开展了广泛的研究。尽管上颌窦植骨手术中所采用的技术和生物材料具有可预测性，但术中和术后并发症仍很常见。当前的许多文献讨论了与上颌窦增骨术相关的局部危险因素，而很少有研究关注与患者相关的危险因素。本综述的目的是识别、评估和讨论与患者相关的危险因素的可能处理方法，以便实现更可预测的上颌窦底增骨术结果。
