University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Howard College, 269 Mazisi Kunene Road, Berea, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
Biochemistry Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Afr J Reprod Health. 2020 Dec;24(4):185-197. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2020/v24i4.19.
Male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) may result in eggs lodged in the prostate causing persistent inflammation that may play a major role in prostate carcinogenesis. Globally, prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and the global distribution of PCa overlaps with that of schistosomiasis infections, suggesting a probable causal relationship. Objectives of this review were to assess evidence of co-existence of schistosomiasis and PCa and possible causal association between the two diseases. Relevant literature published between 1950 and 2019 yielded 20 publications on schistosomiasis and PCa co-existence. Schistosoma (S.) haematobium and S. mansoni were associated with MGS manifestation and mostly prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Effects of prostatic MGS infection progressed over time with high Schistosoma egg burden thought to contribute to the development of PCa. Causal association and mechanistic pathways of MGS on PCa development and the role of Schistosoma eggs on the development of PCa remains unestablished.
男性生殖器血吸虫病（MGS）可能导致虫卵滞留在前列腺中，引起持续的炎症，这可能在前列腺癌的发生中起重要作用。在全球范围内，前列腺癌（PCa）是最常见的癌症之一，而 PCa 的全球分布与血吸虫病感染重叠，这表明两者之间可能存在因果关系。本综述的目的是评估血吸虫病和 PCa 共存的证据，以及这两种疾病之间可能存在的因果关系。1950 年至 2019 年间发表的相关文献共产生了 20 篇关于血吸虫病和 PCa 共存的出版物。埃及血吸虫（S. haematobium）和曼氏血吸虫（S. mansoni）与 MGS 表现和前列腺腺癌诊断有关。前列腺 MGS 感染的影响随着时间的推移而发展，大量的血吸虫卵被认为有助于 PCa 的发展。MGS 对 PCa 发展的因果关系和机制途径以及血吸虫卵在 PCa 发展中的作用尚未确定。
