Byrd K E
Department of Basic Sciences, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles 90089-0641.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1988 May;76(1):87-103. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330760108.
Unilateral electrolytic lesions were made in the left-side facial motor nucleus (FMNu) of six Sprague-Dawley rats at 35 days of age in order to correlate craniofacial sequelae with changed motoneuron function. Experimental and control rats were killed at 22, 32, 42, and 52 days postoperatively to provide muscle weight, brain histology, and dry skull preparations for analyses. Dissection, muscle weight, motoneuron count, and osteometric data revealed that lesion-side facial and masticatory muscles were affected by the lesions. Paired t-tests indicated that significant differences existed between weights of experimental lesion- and nonlesion-side anterior digastric, temporalis, masseteric complex, and medial pterygoid muscles, numbers of facial and trigeminal motoneurons, and several skeletal dimensions of the skull. Basi-cranial dimensions of experimental animals were least affected by the lesion, whereas zygomatic arch, dorsal facial region, and mandibular condyle dimensions were most affected. Statistical analyses also detected significant differences between experimental and control groups for several skeletal dimensions of the skull. Data indicated that damage to the trigeminal motor nucleus (TMNu) was secondary to the primary lesion in the FMNu. Motoneurons within the facial and trigeminal neuromuscular complexes (FNC and TNC) play an important role in craniofacial growth and development.
为了将颅面后遗症与运动神经元功能变化相关联，对6只35日龄的Sprague-Dawley大鼠的左侧面神经运动核（FMNu）进行单侧电解损伤。术后22、32、42和52天处死实验大鼠和对照大鼠，以提供肌肉重量、脑组织学和干燥颅骨标本用于分析。解剖、肌肉重量、运动神经元计数和骨测量数据显示，损伤侧的面部和咀嚼肌受到损伤影响。配对t检验表明，实验损伤侧和非损伤侧的前腹直肌、颞肌、咬肌复合体和翼内肌的重量、面部和三叉神经运动神经元的数量以及颅骨的几个骨骼尺寸之间存在显著差异。实验动物的颅底尺寸受损伤影响最小，而颧弓、面部背侧区域和下颌髁尺寸受影响最大。统计分析还检测到实验组和对照组在颅骨的几个骨骼尺寸上存在显著差异。数据表明，三叉神经运动核（TMNu）的损伤继发于FMNu的原发性损伤。面部和三叉神经神经肌肉复合体（FNC和TNC）内的运动神经元在颅面生长发育中起重要作用。
