家蚕蛹粉对兔胃肠道功能、氮保留和血液生化参数的影响。
The effect of dietary supplementation with silkworm pupae meal on gastrointestinal function, nitrogen retention and blood biochemical parameters in rabbits.
机构信息
Department of Fur-bearing Animal Breeding and Game Management, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Small Livestock Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083, Balice n. Kraków, Poland.
出版信息
BMC Vet Res. 2021 Jun 2;17(1):204. doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02906-w.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of silkworm pupae meal (SPM) on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, gastrointestinal physiology and blood biochemical parameters in rabbits. Thirty Termond White rabbits were divided into three groups: SBM - fed a diet containing 10% soybean meal (SBM), SPM5 - fed a diet containing 5% SBM and 5% SPM, and SPM10 - fed a diet containing 10% SPM.
RESULTS
Nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention decreased with increasing SPM inclusion levels in rabbit diets. The dietary inclusion of SPM caused a significant increase in the stomach pH. Group SPM10 rabbits were characterized by the highest cecal tissue and digesta weights. The lowest cecal pH was noted in group SPM5. The relative weights of colonic tissue and digesta tended to increase with increasing levels of SPM. The total and intracellular activity of bacterial α-galactosidase decreased significantly in both SPM groups. The replacement of SBM with SPM led to a decrease in the activity of bacterial β-glucuronidase in the cecal digesta. The intracellular activity of bacterial α-arabinofuranosidase increased, and its release rate decreased in the cecum of rabbits in SPM groups. The extracellular activity of bacterial β-xylosidase in the cecal digesta tended to decrease in group SPM10. The highest extracellular and intracellular activity of bacterial β-cellobiosidase in the cecal digesta was noted in the SPM5 treatment. The lowest and the highest activity of bacterial N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) was observed in groups SBM and SPM10. The SPM10 treatment contributed to a decrease in the cecal concentrations of butyric, iso-valeric and valeric acids. The lowest total concentration of putrefactive short-chain fatty acids (PSCFAs) was observed in group SPM10. The cecal concentration of propionic acid tended to increase in group SPM5, whereas the cecal concentration of iso-butyric acid tended to decrease in group SPM10. The colonic concentration of iso-valeric acid was lowest in group SPM5. SPM treatments resulted in a significant increase in plasma albumin concentration. Plasma urea concentration was significantly higher in group SPM10 than in SBM and SPM5.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that rabbit diets can be supplemented with SPM at up to 5%.
背景
本研究旨在确定蚕蛹粉（SPM）在兔饲料中的添加对养分消化率、氮利用率、胃肠道生理和血液生化参数的影响。30 只 Termond 白兔分为三组：SBM 组-饲喂含 10%豆粕（SBM）的日粮，SPM5 组-饲喂含 5% SBM 和 5% SPM 的日粮，SPM10 组-饲喂含 10% SPM 的日粮。
结果
随着兔饲料中 SPM 添加水平的增加，养分消化率和氮保留率降低。日粮中添加 SPM 导致胃 pH 值显著升高。SPM10 组兔的盲肠组织和食糜重量最高。SPM5 组的盲肠 pH 值最低。随着 SPM 水平的增加，结肠组织和食糜的相对重量有增加的趋势。两组 SPM 兔的细菌 α-半乳糖苷酶的总活性和细胞内活性均显著降低。SPM 替代 SBM 导致盲肠食糜中细菌 β-葡糖醛酸酶活性降低。兔盲肠中细菌 α-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶的细胞内活性增加，其释放率降低。SPM 组兔盲肠食糜中细菌 β-木糖苷酶的细胞外活性呈下降趋势。SPM10 组兔盲肠食糜中细菌 β-纤维二糖酶的胞外和胞内活性最高。兔盲肠中细菌 N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAGase）的最低和最高活性出现在 SBM 和 SPM10 组。SPM10 处理降低了盲肠丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸的浓度。SPM10 组短链腐殖质脂肪酸（PSCFAs）的总浓度最低。SPM5 组兔盲肠丙酸浓度有升高趋势，而 SPM10 组兔盲肠异丁酸浓度有降低趋势。SPM5 组兔结肠异戊酸浓度最低。SPM 处理可显著提高血浆白蛋白浓度。SPM10 组兔血浆尿素浓度显著高于 SBM 和 SPM5 组。
结论
本研究结果表明，兔饲料中可添加高达 5%的 SPM。
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