El-Kady Asmaa M, Allemailem Khaled S, Almatroudi Ahmad, Abler Birgit, Elsayed Mohamed
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2021 May 25;17:1599-1610. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S306585. eCollection 2021.
Neurocysticercosis, the most common type of neuroparasitosis, is a condition in which the central nervous system (CNS) is infested with the pork tapeworm cysticercosis' larvae. Neurocysticercosis is the most widespread parasitic CNS disease worldwide, affecting more than 50 million individuals. As neurocysticercosis is prevalent in developing countries, the growing number of migrants and travelers increases prevalence in developed countries. Possible neuropsychiatric manifestations are depression, cognitive dysfunction, dementia, and visual hallucinations. Depending on the cysts' location in the CNS, focal neurology or psychiatric symptoms manifest. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is based on neuroimaging and serology. The correlation between specific symptoms and the cyst's location might help better understand psychiatric disorders' pathophysiology. Nonetheless, the exact prevalence of neurocysticercosis is seldom reported in patients with psychiatric disorders, which may be due to the lack of imaging availability in developing countries with a high prevalence.
神经囊尾蚴病是最常见的神经寄生虫病类型，是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）被猪肉绦虫囊尾蚴的幼虫感染的疾病。神经囊尾蚴病是全球最广泛流行的寄生性中枢神经系统疾病，影响着超过5000万人。由于神经囊尾蚴病在发展中国家普遍存在，移民和旅行者数量的增加使得其在发达国家的患病率也有所上升。可能出现的神经精神症状包括抑郁、认知功能障碍、痴呆和视幻觉。根据囊肿在中枢神经系统中的位置，会出现局灶性神经学或精神症状。神经囊尾蚴病的诊断基于神经影像学和血清学检查。特定症状与囊肿位置之间的相关性可能有助于更好地理解精神障碍的病理生理学。尽管如此，精神障碍患者中神经囊尾蚴病的确切患病率很少被报道，这可能是由于在患病率高的发展中国家缺乏影像学检查手段。
