Mirghani Hyder, Alali Naif, Albalawi Hani, ALselaimy Ruba
Internal Medicine and Endocrine, Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 May 24;14:2309-2315. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S309029. eCollection 2021.
Assessing diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk factors and daily nutrition habits are vital for prevention. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between diet soda cans, non-nutritive sweetener consumption, and diabetic retinopathy.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients attending a diabetes center in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia, from September 2019 to July 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to collect patients' demographic factors, and DR risk factors including the use of diet soda, non-nutritive sweeteners, and exercise habits. Dilated fundus eye examination was done to detect any diabetic retinopathy. A blood sample was taken for measuring glycated hemoglobin to assess the degree of glycemic control.
The participant's age was 50.74 ±13.51 years, and the duration since the diagnosis of diabetes was 9.99 ±6.97 years, body mass index was 27.28 ±4.68, and HbA1c %, 8.50 ±1.61), the patients used to consume 1.31 ±1.57 diet soda cans/week, and 1.06±1.39 artificial sweeteners/sachet/day. DR was found in 33%. Diet sugar-free carbonated soda beverage was associated with poor glycemic control and retinopathy, while non-caloric flavor consumption was associated with obesity (P-value<0.05). No association was evident regarding other factors (P-value>0.05).
Diet sugar-free carbonated soda beverage was associated with higher HbA1c and retinopathy, while non-caloric flavor consumption was associated with obesity. No association was evident regarding other factors. Further larger multicenter studies are needed.
评估糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的危险因素以及日常营养习惯对预防至关重要。本研究旨在评估无糖汽水罐、非营养性甜味剂的摄入量与糖尿病视网膜病变之间的关系。
2019年9月至2020年7月，在沙特阿拉伯塔布克市一家糖尿病中心对200名患者进行了一项横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集患者的人口统计学因素以及DR危险因素，包括无糖汽水的饮用情况、非营养性甜味剂的使用情况和运动习惯。进行散瞳眼底检查以检测是否患有糖尿病视网膜病变。采集血样以测量糖化血红蛋白，评估血糖控制程度。
参与者年龄为50.74±13.51岁，糖尿病诊断后的病程为9.99±6.97年，体重指数为27.28±4.68，糖化血红蛋白为8.50±1.61），患者每周饮用1.31±1.57罐无糖汽水，每天食用1.06±1.39包人工甜味剂。33%的患者患有DR。无糖碳酸汽水饮料与血糖控制不佳和视网膜病变有关，而非热量调味剂的食用与肥胖有关（P值<0.05）。其他因素未见明显关联（P值>0.05）。
无糖碳酸汽水饮料与较高的糖化血红蛋白和视网膜病变有关，而非热量调味剂的食用与肥胖有关。其他因素未见明显关联。需要进一步开展更大规模的多中心研究。
