Knaappila Noora, Marttunen Mauri, Fröjd Sari, Kaltiala Riittakerttu
Tampere University, Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere, Finland.
University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol. 2021 May 15;9:96-104. doi: 10.21307/sjcapp-2021-011. eCollection 2021.
Mental health problems are common in adolescence and seeking help for them is becoming more common. Referrals to adolescent mental healthcare have recently increased in Finland.
To examine time trends in internalizing and externalizing mental health symptoms among Finnish adolescents.
A time-trend school survey was conducted among 9 graders (15-year-olds) in Tampere, Finland, in three time periods: 2002-03, 2012-13 and 2018-19 (N = 4,162).
Compared to the period 2002-03, prevalence of externalizing symptoms decreased in the period 2012-13 and further in 2018-19. The prevalence of internalizing symptoms did not change significantly between 2002-03 and 2012-13; however, in 2018-19, depression, social anxiety, general anxiety, poor subjective health, stress symptoms among boys, and poor self-esteem increased compared to earlier time periods. The increases were more marked among girls. However, suicidal ideation did not increase in 2018-19 compared to earlier time periods.
Whereas the prevalence of externalizing symptoms decreased among Finnish adolescents between 2002-03 and 2018-19, the prevalence of internalizing symptoms increased between 2012-13 and 2018-19. To help to understand the causes of these increases and to prevent internalizing problems, further research on the underlying causes is needed.
心理健康问题在青少年中很常见，寻求帮助的情况也越来越普遍。芬兰青少年心理健康护理的转诊人数最近有所增加。
研究芬兰青少年内化和外化心理健康症状的时间趋势。
在芬兰坦佩雷对9年级学生（15岁）进行了一项时间趋势学校调查，共三个时间段：2002 - 03年、2012 - 13年和2018 - 19年（N = 4162）。
与2002 - 03年相比，外化症状的患病率在2012 - 13年有所下降，并在2018 - 19年进一步下降。内化症状的患病率在2002 - 03年和2012 - 13年之间没有显著变化；然而，在2018 - 19年，与早期相比，抑郁、社交焦虑、一般焦虑、主观健康状况差、男孩的压力症状以及自尊心差的情况有所增加。女孩中的增加更为明显。然而，与早期相比，2018 - 19年自杀意念并未增加。
在2002 - 03年至2018 - 19年期间，芬兰青少年外化症状的患病率下降，而内化症状的患病率在2012 - 13年至2018 - 19年期间有所增加。为了帮助理解这些增加的原因并预防内化问题，需要对潜在原因进行进一步研究。
