Matseshe J W, Phillips S F
Med Clin North Am. 1978 Jan;62(1):141-54. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31827-2.
Many patients who present with chronic diarrhea are not found to have an important organic disease. Most will have "functional" diarrhea. The history, the physical examination and the initial laboratory tests should lead to a provisional diagnosis, with respect to the organic or functional origin, and the location of disease in the small or the large bowel. Specific tests are then done to define particular organic causes of which malabsorption, inflammatory bowel diseases, carcinoma of the large bowel, parasitic infections, and metabolic disorders are most common. Patients with suspected functional diarrhea should be investigated at least by stool analysis, proctosigmoidoscopy, and barium enema. Functional diarrhea is common and these patients are no less susceptible to severe disease than is the rest of the population.
许多表现为慢性腹泻的患者并未发现患有重要的器质性疾病。大多数患者会患有“功能性”腹泻。病史、体格检查和初步实验室检查应能得出关于器质性或功能性病因以及疾病在小肠或大肠中的位置的初步诊断。然后进行特定检查以确定特定的器质性病因，其中吸收不良、炎症性肠病、大肠癌、寄生虫感染和代谢紊乱最为常见。疑似功能性腹泻的患者至少应通过粪便分析、直肠乙状结肠镜检查和钡灌肠进行检查。功能性腹泻很常见，这些患者与其他人群一样容易患重病。
