Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America.
Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 3;16(6):e0248476. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248476. eCollection 2021.
In this paper, we describe a population of mothers who are opioid dependent at the time of giving birth and neonates exposed to opioids in utero who experience withdrawal following birth. While there have been studies of national trends in this population, there remains a gap in studies of regional trends. Using data from the Arizona Department of Health Services Hospital Discharge Database, this study aimed to characterize the population of neonates with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and mothers who were opioid dependent at the time of giving birth, in Arizona. We analyzed approximately 1.2 million electronic medical records from the Arizona Department of Health Services Hospital Discharge Database to identify patterns and disparities across socioeconomic, ethnic, racial, and/or geographic groupings. In addition, we identified comorbid conditions that are differentially associated with NOWS in neonates or opioid dependence in mothers. Our analysis was designed to assess whether indicators such as race/ethnicity, insurance payer, marital status, and comorbidities are related to the use of opioids while pregnant. Our findings suggest that women and neonates who are non-Hispanic White and economically disadvantaged, tend be part of our populations of interest more frequently than expected. Additionally, women who are opioid dependent at the time of giving birth are unmarried more often than expected, and we suggest that marital status could be a proxy for support. Finally, we identified comorbidities associated with neonates who have NOWS and mothers who are opioid dependent not previously reported.
本文描述了一群在分娩时患有阿片类药物依赖的母亲和在子宫内暴露于阿片类药物的新生儿，这些新生儿在出生后会出现戒断症状。虽然已经有研究探讨了这一人群的全国性趋势，但在区域性趋势的研究方面仍存在空白。本研究利用亚利桑那州卫生服务部医院出院数据库的数据，旨在描述亚利桑那州患有新生儿阿片类戒断综合征（NOWS）的新生儿和在分娩时患有阿片类药物依赖的母亲的人群特征。我们分析了大约 120 万份来自亚利桑那州卫生服务部医院出院数据库的电子病历，以确定社会经济、族裔、种族和/或地理群体之间的模式和差异。此外，我们还确定了与新生儿 NOWS 或母亲阿片类药物依赖相关的不同共病。我们的分析旨在评估种族/族裔、保险支付人、婚姻状况和共病等指标是否与怀孕期间使用阿片类药物有关。我们的研究结果表明，非西班牙裔白人和经济劣势的妇女和新生儿更频繁地成为我们感兴趣的人群的一部分，这超过了预期。此外，在分娩时患有阿片类药物依赖的妇女往往比预期的更未婚，我们认为婚姻状况可能是支持的替代指标。最后，我们确定了与患有 NOWS 的新生儿和患有阿片类药物依赖的母亲相关的以前未报告的共病。
