Anna E. Austin is with the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, and the Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Vito Di Bona is with the North Carolina State Center for Health Statistics, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh. Mary E. Cox and Scott Proescholdbell are with the Injury and Violence Prevention Branch, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh. Michael Dolan Fliss is with the Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Rebecca B. Naumann is with the Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and the Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Am J Public Health. 2021 Sep;111(9):1682-1685. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306374. Epub 2021 Aug 12.
To estimate use of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and prescription opioids in pregnancy among mothers of infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). We used linked 2016-2018 North Carolina birth certificate and newborn and maternal Medicaid claims data to identify infants with an NOWS diagnosis and maternal claims for MOUD and prescription opioids in pregnancy (n = 3395). Among mothers of infants with NOWS, 38.6% had a claim for MOUD only, 14.3% had a claim for prescription opioids only, 8.1% had a claim for both MOUD and prescription opioids, and 39.1% did not have a claim for MOUD or prescription opioids in pregnancy. Non-Hispanic Black women were less likely to have a claim for MOUD than non-Hispanic White women. The percentage of infants born full term and normal birth weight was highest among women with MOUD or both MOUD and prescription opioid claims. In the 2016-2018 NC Medicaid population, 60% of mothers of infants with NOWS had MOUD or prescription opioid claims in pregnancy, underscoring the extent to which cases of NOWS may be a result of medically appropriate opioid use in pregnancy.
评估患有新生儿阿片戒断综合征（NOWS）的婴儿的母亲在孕期使用阿片类药物使用障碍（MOUD）和处方类阿片药物的情况。我们使用了 2016-2018 年北卡罗来纳州的出生证明和新生儿及产妇医疗补助（Medicaid）理赔数据，以确定患有 NOWS 诊断和母亲在孕期使用 MOUD 和处方类阿片药物理赔的婴儿（n=3395）。在患有 NOWS 的婴儿的母亲中，38.6%的人仅提出 MOUD 的理赔要求，14.3%的人仅提出处方类阿片药物的理赔要求，8.1%的人同时提出 MOUD 和处方类阿片药物的理赔要求，39.1%的人在孕期没有提出 MOUD 或处方类阿片药物的理赔要求。非西班牙裔黑人女性提出 MOUD 理赔要求的比例低于非西班牙裔白人女性。在提出 MOUD 或同时提出 MOUD 和处方类阿片药物理赔要求的女性中，足月出生和正常出生体重的婴儿比例最高。在 2016-2018 年北卡罗来纳州 Medicaid 参保人群中，60%的患有 NOWS 的婴儿的母亲在孕期提出 MOUD 或处方类阿片药物理赔要求，这突出表明 NOWS 病例可能在多大程度上是孕期使用阿片类药物治疗的结果。
