First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Anticancer Res. 2021 Jun;41(6):2773-2779. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.15058.
Head and neck carcinoma (HNC) comprises a variety of pathological entities. Among them, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is histo-pathologically prominent. Specific malignancies, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) arise also from the same anatomical region. In all of them, genomic instability (GI) is implicated not only in the early stages of epithelial malignant transformation, but also in the aggressiveness of the corresponding phenotypes. Among the molecules that are frequently deregulated in solid malignancies including HNCs, topoisomerases (Topo) are of increased significance due to their involvement in DNA topological, structural, and functional stability. The main members are Topo I (20q11), Topo II alpha (17q21) and Topo IIb (3p24). In the current article, we describe the mechanisms of Topo I and Topo IIa deregulation leading to GI in a variety of HNCs. Furthermore, novel data regarding the corresponding targeted therapeutic strategies are presented.
头颈部癌（HNC）包括多种病理实体。其中，鳞状细胞癌（SCC）在组织病理学上较为突出。特定的恶性肿瘤，如鼻咽癌（NPC），也来自同一解剖区域。在所有这些肿瘤中，基因组不稳定性（GI）不仅与上皮恶性转化的早期阶段有关，而且与相应表型的侵袭性有关。在包括 HNC 在内的实体恶性肿瘤中经常失调的分子中，拓扑异构酶（Topo）由于其参与 DNA 拓扑、结构和功能稳定性而具有重要意义。主要成员是 Topo I（20q11）、Topo II alpha（17q21）和 Topo IIb（3p24）。在本文中，我们描述了导致各种 HNC 中 GI 的 Topo I 和 Topo IIa 失调的机制。此外，还提出了关于相应靶向治疗策略的新数据。
