Vesterager V, Salomon G, Jagd M
Audiology Department, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
Audiology. 1988;27(3):179-92. doi: 10.3109/00206098809081588.
71 individuals aged 70-75 years, whose audiological profile has been described in part I' of the study, were subjected to an extensive psychological questionnaire to evaluate the influence of hearing impairment on the psychological and sociological profile and general behaviour. The subjects consisted of three groups: first-time applicants for hearing-aids, re-applicants, and a control group not complaining of hearing problems. Neither hearing deterioration in general, as measured by hearing handicap and communication handicap, nor noise-induced hearing impairment was correlated to social class. The general activity level and the intellectual capacity were independent of hearing level, but a significant correlation was found between activity level and intellectual capacity. Also social class was correlated to activity level and intellectual level. Thus, a highly active life was correlated to preserved intellect and higher social class. Most of the elderly regarded themselves as being active, but this did not correlate with the objective activity score. Decreased activity was not correlated to hearing problems, but rather to physical limitations, decreased number of interests, tiredness. Self-perception was not influenced by the degree of hearing handicap and a stable mood and an optimistic attitude predominated. Only 14% experienced a depressed mood, and this state seemed to be linked to deteriorated hearing.
71名年龄在70至75岁之间的个体，其听力状况已在该研究的第一部分中有所描述，他们接受了一份详尽的心理问卷，以评估听力障碍对心理和社会学状况以及一般行为的影响。研究对象分为三组：首次申请助听器者、再次申请者以及未抱怨听力问题的对照组。无论是通过听力障碍和沟通障碍衡量的总体听力衰退，还是噪声性听力损伤，均与社会阶层无关。总体活动水平和智力能力与听力水平无关，但活动水平与智力能力之间存在显著相关性。社会阶层也与活动水平和智力水平相关。因此，高度活跃的生活与保留的智力和较高的社会阶层相关。大多数老年人认为自己很活跃，但这与客观活动得分并无关联。活动减少与听力问题无关，而与身体限制、兴趣数量减少、疲劳有关。自我认知不受听力障碍程度的影响，且情绪稳定和态度乐观占主导。只有14%的人经历过情绪低落，而这种状态似乎与听力衰退有关。
