Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36, Km 601, X5804ZAB Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2021 Aug;66(4):509-523. doi: 10.1007/s12223-021-00879-9. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, which could be the result of allergy, physical trauma, or invasion by pathogens as Streptococcus uberis. This pathogen is an environmental pathogen associated with subclinical and clinical intramammary infection (IMI) in both lactating and non-lactating cows, which can persist in the udder and cause a chronic infection in the mammary gland. In spite of the important economic losses and increased prevalence caused by S. uberis mastitis, virulence factors involved in bacterial colonization of mammary glands and the pathogenic mechanisms are not yet clear. In the last 30 years, several studies have defined adherence and internalization of S. uberis as the early stages in IMI. S. uberis adheres to and invades into mammary gland cells, and this ability has been observed in in vitro assays. Until now, these abilities have not been determined in vivo challenges since they have been difficult to study. Bacterial surface proteins are able to bind to extracellular matrix protein components such as fibronectin, collagen and laminin, as well as proteins in milk. These proteins play a role in adhesion to host cells and have been denominated microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs). This article aims to summarize our current knowledge on the most relevant properties of the potential factors involved in the early pathogenesis of S. uberis mastitis.
奶牛乳腺炎是乳腺的炎症，可能是由于过敏、物理创伤或病原体（如停乳链球菌）入侵引起的。这种病原体是一种环境病原体，与泌乳和非泌乳奶牛的亚临床和临床乳腺炎感染（IMI）有关，它可以在乳房中持续存在并导致乳腺的慢性感染。尽管停乳链球菌乳腺炎引起了重要的经济损失和流行率增加，但与细菌在乳腺定植和致病机制相关的毒力因子尚不清楚。在过去的 30 年中，已有几项研究将停乳链球菌的粘附和内化定义为 IMI 的早期阶段。停乳链球菌粘附并侵入乳腺细胞，在体外试验中观察到了这种能力。到目前为止，由于难以研究，尚未在体内挑战中确定这些能力。细菌表面蛋白能够与细胞外基质蛋白成分（如纤连蛋白、胶原蛋白和层粘连蛋白）以及乳中的蛋白质结合。这些蛋白质在与宿主细胞的粘附中起作用，并被称为微生物表面成分识别粘附基质分子（MSCRAMMs）。本文旨在总结我们目前对停乳链球菌乳腺炎早期发病机制中潜在相关因素的最相关特性的了解。
