酒精反应水平与急性耐受之间的关系。

Relationship between level of response to alcohol and acute tolerance.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Health Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA.

VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.

出版信息

Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2021 Jul;45(7):1504-1513. doi: 10.1111/acer.14642.

DOI:10.1111/acer.14642

PMID:34086362

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A low level of response (low LR) to alcohol correlates with the later development of alcohol-related problems. Although some of the underpinnings of LR are understood, little is known about the potential relationship between LR and acute tolerance. The current analyses tested the hypothesis that a low LR will be explained in part by more intense acute tolerance to alcohol during a drinking session.

METHODS

Data were generated through a reanalysis of data from 120 individuals who were 18- to 25-year-old, sex-matched pairs of low and high LR drinkers who at baseline did not meet criteria for an alcohol use disorder. Each subject participated in an oral alcohol challenge in which they consumed about 0.7 ml ethanol per kg and acute tolerance was measured as the differences in alcohol's effects at similar breath alcohol levels (BrACs) during the rising and falling breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) curve. Measures included aspects of the Subjective High Assessment Scale (SHAS) and body sway.

RESULTS

Contrary to our hypothesis, but similar to results with other alcohol measures, acute tolerance was significantly attenuated in low LR compared with high LR individuals on most SHAS scores. Neither LR group demonstrated acute tolerance to alcohol for sleepiness or body sway. Men and women did not differ on any of these measures.

CONCLUSION

These data do not support a role of acute tolerance in the low LR to alcohol as measured by subjective feelings of intoxication or body sway in these subjects, findings that were similar across males and females. In addition, consistent with the literature, the analyses demonstrated differences across measures such that acute tolerance was observed for most measures of subjective effects but not for body sway. Among the subjective effects, acute tolerance was observed for alcohol's intoxicating effect but not for feeling sleepy.

摘要

背景

对酒精的低反应（低 LR）与以后发生与酒精相关的问题有关。尽管已经了解了 LR 的一些基础，但对 LR 与急性耐受之间的潜在关系知之甚少。目前的分析检验了这样一个假设，即低 LR 在一定程度上可以通过在饮酒过程中对酒精的急性耐受更强来解释。

方法

数据是通过对 120 名年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间的个体进行数据分析重新分析得出的，这些个体是低 LR 和高 LR 饮酒者的性别匹配对，他们在基线时不符合酒精使用障碍的标准。每个受试者都参加了一项口服酒精挑战，他们摄入了大约 0.7 ml/kg 的乙醇，急性耐受度是通过在上升和下降呼吸酒精浓度（BrAC）曲线期间相似的呼吸酒精水平（BrAC）下酒精作用的差异来衡量的。测量包括主观高评估量表（SHAS）和身体摇摆的各个方面。

结果

与我们的假设相反，但与其他酒精测量结果相似，在大多数 SHAS 评分上，低 LR 个体的急性耐受度明显低于高 LR 个体。在嗜睡或身体摇摆方面，低 LR 和高 LR 组都没有表现出对酒精的急性耐受。男性和女性在这些测量值上没有差异。

结论

这些数据不支持在这些受试者中，通过主观醉酒感或身体摇摆来衡量的对酒精的低 LR 与急性耐受之间的关系，这些发现在男性和女性中相似。此外，与文献一致，分析表明在各种测量值上存在差异，即急性耐受度可观察到大多数主观效应的测量值，但不能观察到身体摇摆的测量值。在主观效应中，急性耐受可观察到酒精的陶醉作用，但不能观察到困倦的感觉。