Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2021 Nov;50(9):102174. doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102174. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection. A large amount of evidence shows that the anatomical scope of BV's pathogenic effect is far beyond the lower reproductive tract. BV is closely related to adverse reproductive outcomes, which may be due to the infection of the vaginal flora ascending to the upper genital tract. In addition, the incidence of BV is relatively high in infertile women. The vaginal microbiome also plays an important role in women's health and diseases. For most women, the normal vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus, which can maintain a healthy vaginal environment by producing lactic acid, HO and bacteriocin, etc. BV is characterized by the imbalanced vaginal flora. It changes the acidic environment that is normally dominated by Lactobacillus, and causes an overgrowth of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae. Studies have shown that bacterial infections in the vagina can spread to upper genital tract and cause adverse fertility outcome. Therefore, early diagnosis and therapeutics of symptomatic BV is helpful to improve the outcome of poor fertility.
细菌性阴道病（BV）是最常见的阴道感染。大量证据表明，BV 的致病作用的解剖范围远远超出下生殖道。BV 与不良生殖结局密切相关，这可能是由于阴道菌群向上生殖道的感染。此外，BV 在不孕妇女中的发病率相对较高。阴道微生物组在女性健康和疾病中也起着重要作用。对于大多数女性来说，正常的阴道微生物群主要由乳杆菌主导，它通过产生乳酸、HO 和细菌素等来维持健康的阴道环境。BV 的特征是阴道菌群失衡。它改变了原本由乳杆菌主导的酸性环境，导致阴道加德纳菌和阴道阿托波菌等厌氧和兼性厌氧菌过度生长。研究表明，阴道细菌感染可向上生殖道扩散，导致不良生育结局。因此，对有症状的 BV 进行早期诊断和治疗有助于改善不良生育结局。
