LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
LIST - Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Green Tech Platform, Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
J Proteomics. 2021 Aug 15;245:104291. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104291. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Pharmaceutical compounds have been found in rivers and treated wastewaters. They often contaminate irrigation waters and consequently accumulate in edible vegetables, causing changes in plants metabolism. The main objective of this work is to understand how lettuce plants cope with the contamination from three selected pharmaceuticals using a label free proteomic analysis. A lettuce hydroponic culture, grown for 36 days, was exposed to metformin, acetaminophen and carbamazepine (at 1 mg/L), during 8 days, after which roots and leaves were sampled and analysed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry proteomics-based approach. In roots, a total of 612 proteins showed differentially accumulation while in leaves 237 proteins were identified with significant differences over controls. Carbamazepine was the contaminant that most affected protein abundance in roots, while in leaves the highest number of differentially accumulated proteins was observed for acetaminophen. In roots under carbamazepine, stress related protein species such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidases presented higher abundance. Ascorbate peroxidase increased in roots under metformin. Cell respiration protein species were affected by the presence of the three pharmaceuticals suggesting possible dysregulation of the Krebs cycle. Acetaminophen caused the main differences in respiration pathways, with more emphasis in leaves. Lettuce plants revealed different tolerance levels when contaminants were compared, being more tolerant to metformin presence and less tolerant to carbamazepine. SIGNIFICANCE: The significant increase of emerging contaminants in ecosystems makes essential to understand how these compounds may affect the metabolism of different organisms. Our study contributes with a detailed approach of the main interactions that may occur in plant metabolism when subjected to the stress induced by three different pharmaceuticals (acetaminophen, carbamazepine and metformin).
药物化合物已在河流和处理废水中被发现。它们经常污染灌溉水，并因此在食用蔬菜中积累，导致植物代谢发生变化。本工作的主要目的是使用无标记蛋白质组学分析来了解生菜植物如何应对三种选定药物的污染。生菜水培培养物生长 36 天后，用二甲双胍、对乙酰氨基酚和卡马西平（1mg/L）暴露 8 天，之后采集根和叶并进行分析，使用基于液相色谱-质谱蛋白质组学的方法。在根中，共有 612 种蛋白质显示出差异积累，而在叶中，与对照相比，有 237 种蛋白质被鉴定为差异显著。卡马西平是最能影响根中蛋白质丰度的污染物，而在叶中，对乙酰氨基酚观察到的差异积累蛋白数量最多。在卡马西平处理的根中，应激相关蛋白如过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的丰度增加。在二甲双胍处理的根中，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶增加。三种药物的存在影响了细胞呼吸蛋白种类，表明三羧酸循环可能发生失调。对乙酰氨基酚引起了呼吸途径的主要差异，在叶中更为明显。与其他污染物相比，生菜植物表现出不同的耐受水平，对二甲双胍的存在更为耐受，对卡马西平的存在耐受性较低。意义：生态系统中新兴污染物的显著增加使得了解这些化合物如何影响不同生物体的代谢变得至关重要。我们的研究提供了一种详细的方法，可以了解当植物受到三种不同药物（对乙酰氨基酚、卡马西平和二甲双胍）的应激时，可能发生的植物代谢的主要相互作用。
