Khandare Shrikant D, Chaudhary Doongar R, Jha Bhavanath
CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, U. P. 201 002, India.
CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, U. P. 201 002, India.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Aug;169:112566. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112566. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third one after polyethylene and polypropylene in the production demand. It intends to grow further, causing an increase in the risk of health and ecological problems due to environmental accumulation and incineration. In the present study, we determined the biodegradative abilities of marine bacteria for PVC. Three potential marine bacterial isolates, T-1.3, BP-4.3 and S-237 (Vibrio, Altermonas and Cobetia, respectively) were identified after preliminary screening. They led to active biofilm formation, viability and protein formation on the PVC surface. The highest weight loss (1.76%) of PVC films was exhibited by BP-4.3 isolate after 60 days of incubation. Remineralization of PVC film was confirmed by CO assimilation assay. Change in surface topography was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The functional group peak intensity was decreased for the terminal chlorine group at the region 1000-1300 cm, which indicated the dechlorination. Thermogravimetric, tensile strength and contact angle analysis showed a decline in the mechanical properties and a rise in PVC film's hydrophilic nature after biodegradation. These results demonstrated promising evidence of PVC degradation by marine bacteria.
聚氯乙烯（PVC）的生产需求量仅次于聚乙烯和聚丙烯，位居第三。其产量仍有进一步增长的趋势，这会因环境累积和焚烧而增加健康和生态问题的风险。在本研究中，我们测定了海洋细菌对PVC的生物降解能力。经过初步筛选，鉴定出三株具有潜在降解能力的海洋细菌分离株，分别为T-1.3、BP-4.3和S-237（分别为弧菌属、交替单胞菌属和考贝氏菌属）。它们在PVC表面形成了活性生物膜，具有活性和蛋白质生成。在培养60天后，BP-4.3分离株使PVC膜的失重率最高（1.76%）。通过CO同化试验证实了PVC膜的再矿化。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）证实了表面形貌的变化。在1000-1300 cm区域，末端氯基团的官能团峰强度降低，这表明发生了脱氯反应。热重分析、拉伸强度和接触角分析表明，生物降解后PVC膜的机械性能下降，亲水性增加。这些结果证明了海洋细菌降解PVC的有力证据。
