Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2022;35(1):185-193. doi: 10.3233/BMR-200334.
Electronic media have become integral parts of modern life, in which prolonged screen viewing time (SVT) by children is nearly unavoidable. Prolonged use of smartphones could lead to musculoskeletal problems.
To investigate the effect of SVT on head and neck posture during and after using smartphones for various periods of time in either standing or sitting postures.
This observational study included 34 male children aged 5-12 years who were assigned to one of two groups based on average smartphone use duration per day: group A comprised 18 children averaging > 4 hours per day (h/day) of smartphone use, and group B comprised 16 children with < 4 h/day of smartphone use. The children's postures were photographed in standing and sitting positions while using a smartphone and 30 min after ceasing smartphone use. The head flexion, neck flexion, gaze, and craniocervical angles were measured using the software program Kinovea.
Significant increases were found in head flexion, neck flexion, and gaze angles. Furthermore, both groups saw a significant decrease in craniocervical angle when sitting compared to when standing, both during and 30 min after smartphone use. The head flexion, neck flexion, and gaze angles of group A were significantly higher than those of group B, and the craniocervical angle of group A was significantly lower than that of group B in both postures (p< 0.05).
SVT is associated with increased neck and head flexion posture in children, especially in a sitting position.
电子媒体已成为现代生活不可或缺的一部分，儿童长时间观看电子屏幕（SVT）几乎不可避免。长时间使用智能手机可能会导致肌肉骨骼问题。
研究在站立或坐姿下使用智能手机不同时间后，SVT 对儿童头颈部姿势的影响。
本观察性研究纳入了 34 名 5-12 岁的男性儿童，根据平均每天使用智能手机的时长将他们分为两组：A 组 18 名儿童，每天使用智能手机时长>4 小时；B 组 16 名儿童，每天使用智能手机时长<4 小时。在使用智能手机时和停止使用智能手机 30 分钟后，分别拍摄孩子们站立和坐姿时的头部姿势照片。使用 Kinovea 软件程序测量头部前屈、颈部前屈、凝视和颅颈角。
发现头部前屈、颈部前屈和凝视角度显著增加。此外，与站立时相比，两组在使用智能手机时和停止使用智能手机 30 分钟后，坐姿时的颅颈角均显著降低。A 组的头部前屈、颈部前屈和凝视角度明显高于 B 组，而 A 组的颅颈角在两种姿势下均明显低于 B 组（p<0.05）。
SVT 与儿童颈部和头部前屈姿势增加有关，尤其是在坐姿时。
