Accialini Paula, Abán Cyntia, Etcheverry Tomás, Negri Malbrán Mercedes, Leguizamón Gustavo, Herlax Vanesa, Maté Sabina, Farina Mariana
Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Placentaria, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO - CONICET - UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno (CEMIC), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Front Physiol. 2021 May 21;12:667367. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.667367. eCollection 2021.
The onset of labor involves the action of multiple factors and recent reports have postulated the endocannabinoid system as a new regulator of this process. Our objective was to study the role of anandamide, one of the main endocannabinoids, on the regulation of placental molecules that contribute to the onset of labor at term. Placental samples were obtained from patients with laboring vaginal deliveries and from non-laboring elective cesarean sections. Vaginal delivery placentas produced higher prostaglandins levels than cesarean section samples. Besides, no differences were observed in NOS basal activity between groups. Incubation of vaginal delivery placentas with anandamide increased prostaglandins concentration and decreased NOS activity. Antagonism of type-1cannabinoid receptor (CB1) did not alter the effect observed on NOS activity. Conversely, incubation of cesarean section placentas with anandamide reduced prostaglandins levels and enhanced NOS activity, the latter involving the participation of CB1. Furthermore, we observed a differential expression of the main components of the endocannabinoid system between placental samples, being the change in CB1 localization the most relevant finding. Our results suggest that anandamide acts as a modulator of the signals that regulate labor, exerting differential actions depending on CB1 localization in laboring or non-laboring term placentas.
分娩的发动涉及多种因素的作用，最近的报道推测内源性大麻素系统是这一过程的新调节因子。我们的目的是研究主要内源性大麻素之一的花生四烯酸乙醇胺对足月分娩时有助于发动分娩的胎盘分子调节的作用。胎盘样本取自经阴道分娩的产妇和择期剖宫产的未分娩产妇。经阴道分娩的胎盘产生的前列腺素水平高于剖宫产样本。此外，两组之间一氧化氮合酶（NOS）的基础活性没有差异。用花生四烯酸乙醇胺孵育经阴道分娩的胎盘会增加前列腺素浓度并降低NOS活性。1型大麻素受体（CB1）的拮抗剂不会改变对NOS活性的观察效果。相反，用花生四烯酸乙醇胺孵育剖宫产胎盘会降低前列腺素水平并增强NOS活性，后者涉及CB1的参与。此外，我们观察到胎盘样本之间内源性大麻素系统主要成分的差异表达，CB1定位的变化是最相关的发现。我们的结果表明，花生四烯酸乙醇胺作为调节分娩信号的调节剂，根据CB1在分娩或未分娩足月胎盘的定位发挥不同作用。
