Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2326:339-359. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1514-0_25.
In response to apparent damaging effects of plastics, especially microplastics, exposure to life, scientists have begun the arduous task of standardizing methods for the sample collection, separation, detection, and identification of microplastic particles. The ability to detect plastics depends upon the type of sample, procedure, instrument, expertise of the examiner, and the exact research question. The wide variability of sample processing and analyses does not lend itself well for cross-comparison of studies. However, with a multitude of procedures, techniques may be used in combination to successfully identify microplastic particles. Our goal in this chapter is not to provide a complete guide on plastic analyses, but to present an overview of the different sample collection, pretreatment, detection, and identification methodologies used for microplastic samples located in environmental and biological samples and to review advantages and limitations of each strategy.
针对塑料（尤其是微塑料）对生命的明显破坏作用，科学家们已经开始着手一项艰巨的任务，即对微塑料颗粒的样本采集、分离、检测和识别方法进行标准化。检测塑料的能力取决于样本类型、程序、仪器、检查人员的专业知识以及确切的研究问题。样本处理和分析的广泛可变性不利于研究结果的相互比较。然而，通过多种程序，各种技术可以结合使用以成功识别微塑料颗粒。本章的目标不是提供关于塑料分析的完整指南，而是介绍用于环境和生物样本中微塑料样本的不同样本采集、预处理、检测和识别方法的概述，并回顾每种策略的优点和局限性。
