Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2021 Jun 7;17(6):e1008971. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008971. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Adaptive cognitive-control involves a hierarchical cortico-striatal gating system that supports selective updating, maintenance, and retrieval of useful cognitive and motor information. Here, we developed a task that independently manipulates selective gating operations into working-memory (input gating), from working-memory (output gating), and of responses (motor gating) and tested the neural dynamics and computational principles that support them. Increases in gating demands, captured by gate switches, were expressed by distinct EEG correlates at each gating level that evolved dynamically in partially overlapping time windows. Further, categorical representations of specific maintained items and of motor responses could be decoded from EEG when the corresponding gate was switching, thereby linking gating operations to prioritization. Finally, gate switching at all levels was related to increases in the motor decision threshold as quantified by the drift diffusion model. Together these results support the notion that cognitive gating operations scaffold on top of mechanisms involved in motor gating.
适应性认知控制涉及一个分层的皮质-纹状体门控系统，该系统支持对有用的认知和运动信息进行选择性更新、保持和检索。在这里，我们开发了一个任务，该任务可以独立地将选择性门控操作（工作记忆的输入门控、工作记忆的输出门控和反应的运动门控）纳入其中，并测试支持这些操作的神经动力学和计算原理。门控需求的增加（由门控开关捕获）在每个门控水平上由不同的 EEG 相关物来表示，这些相关物在部分重叠的时间窗口中动态演变。此外，当相应的门控开关时，可以从 EEG 中解码出特定保持的项目和运动反应的类别表示，从而将门控操作与优先级联系起来。最后，所有水平的门控开关与运动决策阈值的增加有关，该阈值可通过漂移扩散模型来量化。总之，这些结果支持这样一种观点，即认知门控操作构建在参与运动门控的机制之上。
