Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Research, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14, 8050, Zurich, Switzerland.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Jun 7;21(1):294. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03288-x.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), defined as the obsessive idea that some aspect of one's own body or appearance is severely flawed/deformed, is relatively common in the general population and has been shown to have strong associations with mood and anxiety disorders and substance abuse disorders. Furthermore, a previous study on symptoms of BDD among people in the military showed that muscles are an important area of preoccupation. Hence, this study aimed to 1. assess the prevalence of BDD symptoms in Swiss military recruits, 2. specify the areas of preoccupation, and 3. analyze associated features (depression and alcohol/drug abuse).
A total of 126 Swiss male military recruits (age: M = 20.12, SD = 1.09, range: 18-24) were examined using self-report measurements to assess symptoms of BDD, depression, alcohol/drug abuse.
The results showed that symptoms of BDD were relatively common (9.5% reached the cutoff value for probable BDD, 84% reported some symptoms), with the muscles as the most common area of preoccupation. A positive correlation (r = .38, p < .001) between depressive symptoms and symptoms of BDD was found, thus no correlation between alcohol/drug abuse and symptoms of BDD.
The results indicate a need to develop and implement measures for prevention (e.g. raising awareness among the military) and intervention in this specific population.
躯体变形障碍（BDD），定义为对自己身体或外貌的某个方面严重缺陷/畸形的强迫观念，在普通人群中较为常见，并且与情绪障碍和焦虑障碍以及物质滥用障碍有很强的关联。此外，之前一项关于军人中 BDD 症状的研究表明，肌肉是一个重要的关注领域。因此，本研究旨在：1.评估瑞士新兵中 BDD 症状的患病率，2.确定关注的领域，3.分析相关特征（抑郁和酒精/药物滥用）。
共有 126 名瑞士男性新兵（年龄：M=20.12，SD=1.09，范围：18-24 岁）接受了自我报告测量，以评估 BDD 症状、抑郁、酒精/药物滥用。
结果表明，BDD 症状较为常见（9.5%达到可能 BDD 的临界值，84%报告有一些症状），肌肉是最常见的关注领域。抑郁症状与 BDD 症状之间存在正相关（r=.38，p<.001），而酒精/药物滥用与 BDD 症状之间没有相关性。
结果表明，需要针对这一特定人群制定和实施预防（例如提高军队的意识）和干预措施。
