Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2021 Sep-Oct;96:104449. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104449. Epub 2021 May 29.
Disability development using age as the axis was void in the literature. Identification of the age trajectory of disability development across populations enables preparation for aging-related policies when conducting cross-national comparisons. This study compared three indicators of the development of physical disability in populations of Taiwan and Japan.
Data comprised two nationally representative panel surveys (1) the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (N = 3,037) in 1996-2011 and (2) the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly in 1996-2012 (N = 1,974). Older adults (65+) were examined longitudinally. Activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and mobility disability development during aging were analyzed using multilevel models.
After age standardization, Japan reported higher prevalence rate of ADL disability (14.95% vs. 9.65%) but lower IADL (19.30% vs. 30.36%) and mobility disability (36.07% vs. 49.82%) as compared with Taiwan. ADL limitation occur (ADL limitation>=1) at the age of 77.9 and 77.2 for populations in Japan and Taiwan, respectively. Populations reached three ADL limitations at the age of 86.7 and 85.0 in Japan and in Taiwan, respectively. IADL limitation occur (IADL limitation>=1) at the age of 79.1 and 74.5 for populations in Japan and Taiwan, respectively. Mobility limitation occur (Mobility limitation>=1) at the age of 70.7 and 65.3 for populations in Japan and Taiwan, respectively.
Older adults generally do not report ADL limitation until 77 and do not face serious disability until 85 or 86 in Taiwan or Japan, respectively. Mobility limitation occurs at a various age in different countries.
以年龄为轴心的残疾发展在文献中是缺失的。在进行跨国比较时，识别不同人群中残疾发展的年龄轨迹可以为与老龄化相关的政策做好准备。本研究比较了台湾和日本两个人群中身体残疾发展的三个指标。
数据包括两项全国代表性的面板调查（1）1996-2011 年的台湾老龄化纵向研究（N=3037）和（2）1996-2012 年的日本老年人全国调查（N=1974）。对老年人进行纵向检查。使用多层次模型分析了日常活动（ADL）、工具性日常生活活动（IADL）和移动性残疾在衰老过程中的发展。
在年龄标准化后，日本报告的 ADL 残疾患病率较高（14.95% vs. 9.65%），但 IADL（19.30% vs. 30.36%）和移动性残疾（36.07% vs. 49.82%）较低。与台湾相比，日本和台湾的人群分别在 77.9 岁和 77.2 岁出现 ADL 受限（ADL 受限>=1）。人群分别在 86.7 岁和 85.0 岁达到三个 ADL 限制。日本和台湾的人群分别在 79.1 岁和 74.5 岁出现 IADL 受限（IADL 受限>=1）。日本和台湾的人群分别在 70.7 岁和 65.3 岁出现移动性受限（Mobility limitation>=1）。
在台湾或日本，老年人通常要到 77 岁才会报告 ADL 受限，并且要到 85 岁或 86 岁才会面临严重残疾。不同国家的移动性限制发生在不同的年龄。
