Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Aquáticos Tropicais, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Jun 10;193(7):402. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09156-1.
The disordered growth of large cities around water bodies causes environmental damage due to discarded plastics and microplastics (MPs) that aquatic organisms can ingest. This study analyzed the occurrence, type, and abundance of MPs in the gastrointestinal contents of four species of commercial fish (120 total specimens), namely, Brazilian mojarra (Eugerres brasilianus) and mullets (Mugil curema, Mugil curvidens, and Mugil liza), obtained in Porto Seguro in Bahia, Brazil, between March and May 2019. A priori probability distributions were generated using a Bayesian approach and simulations to assess MP intake based on varying exposure amounts (θ = 0.2, θ = 0.5, and θ = 0.8). E. brasilianus (53.33%) and Mugil spp. (41.66%) were contaminated with some types of MPs. Black, blue, and green MPs dominated in the extracted samples, and most measured 1.0 mm in length or smaller. The dominant polymers identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were polyester, polypropylene, semi-synthetic rayon fiber, and polyamide 6 (nylon). The a posteriori probabilities of more than half the E. brasilianus and Mugil spp. ingesting MPs were 0.336 and 0.008, respectively, indicating that E. brasilianus is much more likely to ingest MPs. These simulations can be useful tools for assessing the environmental quality and local anthropic impact of MP ingestion by fish populations.
由于水生生物摄入的废弃塑料和微塑料 (MPs)，水体周围大城市的无序发展导致了环境破坏。本研究分析了四种商业鱼类（共 120 个样本）的胃肠道内容物中 MPs 的发生、类型和丰度，这些鱼类分别是巴西鲷（Eugerres brasilianus）和鲻鱼（Mugil curema、Mugil curvidens 和 Mugil liza），于 2019 年 3 月至 5 月在巴西巴伊亚州的 Porto Seguro 获得。使用贝叶斯方法和模拟生成先验概率分布，以评估基于不同暴露量（θ=0.2、θ=0.5 和 θ=0.8）的 MPs 摄入情况。E. brasilianus（53.33%）和 Mugil spp.（41.66%）被某些类型的 MPs 污染。黑色、蓝色和绿色 MPs 在提取的样本中占主导地位，大多数长度为 1.0 毫米或更小。傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 鉴定的主要聚合物是聚酯、聚丙烯、半合成人造丝纤维和聚酰胺 6（尼龙）。E. brasilianus 和 Mugil spp. 摄入 MPs 的后验概率分别超过一半和 0.008，表明 E. brasilianus 更有可能摄入 MPs。这些模拟可以成为评估鱼类种群中 MPs 摄入对环境质量和当地人为影响的有用工具。
