School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Environ Res. 2021 Sep;200:111463. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111463. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
The Chinese government has developed an ambitious project to promote the application of ethanol gasoline (E10) on a national scale since 2017. Given the difference in fuel properties between E10 and traditional gasoline, it is necessary to evaluate the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from E10-fuelled vehicles. In this study, a two-week sampling campaign was conducted in an urban tunnel, in which E10-fuelled vehicles were dominant, to evaluate the characteristics of VOC emissions from the mixed fleet. In total, 105 VOC species were identified, and the ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) were estimated. The results showed that for vehicular VOC concentrations in the tunnel, alkanes, oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) and alkenes were the most abundant VOC groups, with the average proportion being more than 80% of the total VOCs. The fleet-average VOC emission factor (EF) was 14.8 mg/km/veh, which was much lower than that from traditional gasoline-fuelled vehicle fleets, and alkanes, OVOCs, alkenes and aromatics were the major VOC groups. Because of the large number of E10-fuelled vehicles in the mixed fleet, a high proportion of OVOCs among the vehicular VOC emissions was observed. Ethane, acrolein, ethanol, ethylene and toluene were the top five VOC species with the largest EF in VOC emissions from the fleet. Alkenes were the main contributors with an average contribution of 43.9% of the total OFP, whereas aromatics dominated the total SOAFP by 95.8% on average. These results may provide a reference for the extensive application of ethanol gasoline and the development of vehicular emission models.
中国政府自 2017 年以来制定了一项雄心勃勃的计划，旨在全国范围内推广乙醇汽油（E10）的应用。鉴于 E10 和传统汽油之间的燃料性能差异，有必要评估 E10 燃料车辆的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）排放。在这项研究中，在一个以 E10 燃料车辆为主的城市隧道中进行了为期两周的采样活动，以评估混合车队 VOC 排放的特征。总共鉴定了 105 种 VOC 物种，并估算了臭氧形成潜力（OFP）和二次有机气溶胶形成潜力（SOAFP）。结果表明，对于隧道内的车辆 VOC 浓度，烷烃、含氧 VOC（OVOC）和烯烃是最丰富的 VOC 组，平均比例超过总 VOC 的 80%。车队平均 VOC 排放因子（EF）为 14.8 mg/km/veh，远低于传统汽油燃料车队，烷烃、OVOC、烯烃和芳烃是主要的 VOC 组。由于混合车队中 E10 燃料车辆数量众多，因此观察到车辆 VOC 排放中 OVOC 的比例较高。乙烷、丙烯醛、乙醇、乙烯和甲苯是车队 VOC 排放中 EF 最大的前五名 VOC 物种。烯烃是总 OFP 的主要贡献者，平均贡献 43.9%，而芳烃平均占总 SOAFP 的 95.8%。这些结果可为乙醇汽油的广泛应用和车辆排放模型的开发提供参考。
