[2017 - 2019年秦皇岛市沿海浴场海蜇蜇伤情况的流行病学分析]

[Epidemiological analysis of jellyfish stings in coastal bathing beaches in Qinhuangdao City from 2017 to 2019].

作者信息

Zhang Chongyang, Lyu Zhe, Wu Jinhui, Cheng Cheng, Wang Yaohui, Liu Zhiliang, Du Bin, Yang Yuedong, Li Feng, Chen Qingsong

机构信息

Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China.

Hebei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Activity Components and Function, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2021 May;33(5):593-595. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20210123-00103.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20210123-00103

PMID:34112299

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the distribution and composition characteristics of jellyfish stings in various coastal baths in Qinhuangdao City from 2017 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention, control and early warning of jellyfish stings.

METHODS

Statistics and analysis of the age, gender, time of stings, location of injury, first symptoms, and playing time in the sea at the time of the sting, etc. of people with jellyfish stings in various bathing beaches along the coast of Qinhuangdao from 2017 to 2019 (July to August) were conducted.

RESULTS

The number of jellyfish stings in the coastal bathing beaches of Qinhuangdao City in 2017, 2018, and 2019 was decreasing year by year, with 1 890, 492, and 171 cases respectively. Among them, Qianshuiwan Bathing Beach and Dongshan Bathing Beach had more stings (60.90% and 35.08% respectively in 2017, 24.39% and 64.23% respectively in 2018, 16.96% and 16.42% respectively in 2019). There was no significant change in the gender and age distribution of jellyfish stings each year [57.99% males in 2017, with a median age of 13 (8, 31) years old; 63.21% males in 2018, with a median age of 25 (8, 29) years old; and 59.65% males in 2019, with a median age of 12 (7, 31) years old]. Stings were mainly located at the lower limbs (the proportion of lower limb injuries: 46.54% in 2018, 45.61% in 2019), followed by upper limbs (upper arm, elbow, forearm), trunk, etc. The first symptom was mainly pain (89.43% in 2018, 38.29% in 2019), followed by rash (64.43% in 2018, 59.43% in 2019), numbness, blisters, etc. Sting incidents mainly occurred from 13:00 to 17:59 (the proportion of sting incidents in this time period in 2018 and 2019 were 68.09% and 52.63%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Jellyfish stings in coastal baths in Qinhuangdao City are mainly distributed in Qianshuiwan Baths and Dongshan Baths. The management of these sea areas should be strengthened, and scientific publicity and medical rescue should be strengthened to prevent jellyfish stings in peak hours and related baths.

摘要

目的

分析2017年至2019年秦皇岛市各沿海浴场水母蜇伤的分布及构成特点，为水母蜇伤的预防、控制及预警提供科学依据。

方法

对2017年至2019年（7月至8月）秦皇岛市沿海各浴场水母蜇伤人员的年龄、性别、蜇伤时间、受伤部位、首发症状以及蜇伤时在海中的游玩时间等进行统计分析。

结果

2017年、2018年和2019年秦皇岛市沿海浴场水母蜇伤人数逐年递减，分别为1890例、492例和171例。其中，浅水湾浴场和东山浴场蜇伤人数较多（2017年分别占60.90%和35.08%，2018年分别占24.39%和64.23%，2019年分别占16.96%和16.42%）。每年水母蜇伤的性别和年龄分布无明显变化[2017年男性占57.99%，中位年龄为13（8，31）岁；2018年男性占63.21%，中位年龄为25（8，29）岁；2019年男性占59.65%，中位年龄为12（7，31）岁]。蜇伤部位主要在下肢（2018年下肢受伤比例为46.54%，2019年为45.61%），其次为上肢（上臂、肘部、前臂）、躯干等。首发症状主要为疼痛（2018年占89.43%，2019年占38.29%），其次为皮疹（2018年占64.43%，2019年占59.43%）、麻木、水疱等。蜇伤事件主要发生在13:00至17:59（2018年和2019年该时间段蜇伤事件的比例分别为68.09%和52.63%）。