Li Bingbing, Li Yueyue, Qiu Zhiwen, Zhang Chuantao, Li Yue, Li Wei, Yang Jishun
Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Shanghai 200433, China.
Mar Drugs. 2025 May 28;23(6):231. doi: 10.3390/md23060231.
Jellyfish stings, as one of the most prevalent forms of marine injury, have increasingly become a subject of concern. Despite their simple morphology and structure, jellyfish possess a complex venom composition that can inflict varying degrees of damage on multiple human physiological systems. Consequently, the clinical symptoms associated with jellyfish stings are highly intricate. Although antivenoms have been developed for certain jellyfish species (e.g., ), specific antivenoms targeting the mechanisms of most jellyfish venoms remain understudied. To effectively prevent, treat, and cure jellyfish stings, we adhere to the principle of knowing their nature and their reasons. It is essential to investigate the emission mechanism of jellyfish nematocysts and the composition of their venom. Understanding these factors is crucial for the development of targeted treatment strategies. This review delves into the venom emission mechanism of jellyfish stinging cells, the symptoms resulting from jellyfish stings, and the comprehensive treatment strategies post-sting. It offers a scientific reference for comprehending jellyfish stings and establishes a theoretical foundation for subsequent research endeavors.
水母蜇伤作为海洋伤害最常见的形式之一，日益受到关注。尽管水母形态结构简单，但其毒液成分复杂，可对人体多个生理系统造成不同程度损伤。因此，水母蜇伤相关的临床症状非常复杂。虽然已针对某些水母种类研发出抗蛇毒血清（例如），但针对大多数水母毒液作用机制的特效抗蛇毒血清仍研究不足。为有效预防、治疗和治愈水母蜇伤，我们秉持知其然并知其所以然的原则。研究水母刺丝囊的发射机制及其毒液成分至关重要。了解这些因素对于制定针对性治疗策略至关重要。本综述深入探讨了水母刺细胞的毒液发射机制、水母蜇伤导致的症状以及蜇伤后的综合治疗策略。它为理解水母蜇伤提供了科学参考，并为后续研究奠定了理论基础。
