Ortiz Contreras Jovita, Adrián Constanza, Fernández Cindy, Mella Maribel, Villagrán Marisa, Diaz Marcela, Quiroz Jael
Department of Women´s and Newborns Health Promotion, School of Midwifery University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Working Group "Migration and Health", University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Department of Women´s and Newborns Health Promotion, School of Midwifery University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Midwifery. 2021 Oct;101:103047. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103047. Epub 2021 May 28.
Childbirth is a transcendent life experience but may also be a moment of great vulnerability, especially when it occurs outside the mother's country of origin.
To explore the perceptions and experiences of Spanish-speaking immigrant women regarding the healthcare they received during labour and childbirth in Santiago, Chile.
This qualitative, transcendental phenomenological research was performed at two maternity hospitals using purposive criterion sampling. Eighteen individual and two group interviews were conducted. The resulting information was transcribed and then coded and categorised using phenomenological analysis.
Six categories were extracted from the narratives which reflect a pragmatic relationship with the healthcare team that included a perception of 'justified' lack of care. The mothers' exercise of autonomy was subjugated by power-knowledge relations between the women and caregiver that compelled them to refrain from expressing their needs and preferences out of fear of abuse. The women valued emotional support, pain relief and satisfaction of needs in association with medical procedures and companionship. The women rated their experiences as positive if they avoided mistreatment and, as 'the essence of the experience', perceived the care as a favour rather than a right.
Most immigrant women felt that they had received treatment similar to that of native-born mothers. However, low expectations of autonomy shaped their evaluations of the experiences. Also, a high value on companionship and pain relief, characterised the women's experiences of childbirth. These findings of the interviews reflect a need for a stronger focus on empowerment with an emphasis on gender and rights.
分娩是一种非凡的人生经历，但也可能是一个极为脆弱的时刻，尤其是当分娩发生在母亲的原籍国之外时。
探讨讲西班牙语的移民妇女对她们在智利圣地亚哥分娩期间所接受医疗保健的看法和经历。
这项定性的、先验现象学研究在两家妇产医院进行，采用目的抽样标准。进行了18次个人访谈和2次小组访谈。对所得信息进行转录，然后使用现象学分析进行编码和分类。
从叙述中提取了六个类别，这些类别反映了与医疗团队的务实关系，其中包括对“合理”缺乏护理的认知。母亲的自主权行使受到妇女与护理人员之间权力 - 知识关系的压制，这迫使她们因害怕受到虐待而不敢表达自己的需求和偏好。这些妇女重视情感支持、疼痛缓解以及与医疗程序和陪伴相关的需求满足。如果她们避免受到虐待，并且将护理视为一种恩惠而非权利（即“经历的本质”），她们就会将自己的经历评为积极的。
大多数移民妇女认为她们得到了与本国出生的母亲相似的治疗。然而，对自主权的低期望塑造了她们对这些经历的评价。此外，对陪伴和疼痛缓解的高度重视是这些妇女分娩经历的特点。这些访谈结果反映出需要更加强调赋权，重点关注性别和权利。
