Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 May 27;23(1):394. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05725-z.
Immigrant women have higher risks for poor pregnancy outcomes and unsatisfactory birth experiences than the general population. The mechanisms behind these associations remain largely unknown, but they may result from differential care provided to immigrant women or unsatisfactory interactions with health providers. This study aimed to investigate immigrant and non-immigrant women's experiences of health care during childbirth, particularly assessing two dimensions: perceived general quality of care and attainment of health care needs during childbirth.
This was a cross-sectional study carried out over 15 months in 2020 and 2021, and data were collected from a self-completed questionnaire. The labour and birth subscale from the Experience of Maternity Care questionnaire was used to assess the primary outcome of care experiences. A total of 680 women completed the questionnaire approximately within two days after birth (mean 2.1 days) at a hospital in Trondheim, in central Norway. The questionnaire was provided in eight languages.
The 680 respondents were classified as immigrants (n = 153) and non-immigrants (n = 527). Most women rated their quality of care during childbirth as high (91.5%). However, one-quarter of the women (26.6%) reported unmet health care needs during childbirth. Multiparous immigrant women were more likely than multiparous non-immigrant women to report that their health care needs were unmet during childbirth (OR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.91-5.72, p < 0.001, aOR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.53-5.18, p = 0.001). No other significant differences between immigrant versus non-immigrant women were found in subjective ratings of childbirth care experiences. Having a Norwegian-born partner and a high level of Norwegian language skills did not influence the immigrant women's experience of childbirth care.
Our findings indicate that many women feel they receive high-quality health care during childbirth, but a considerable number still report not having their health care needs met. Also, multiparous immigrant women report significantly more unmet health care needs than non-immigrants. Further research is required to assess immigrant women's childbirth experiences and for health care providers to give optimal care, which may need to be tailored to a woman's cultural background and individual expectations.
与一般人群相比，移民妇女在妊娠结局和分娩体验方面面临更高的风险。这些关联背后的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚，但可能是由于向移民妇女提供的护理存在差异，或她们与卫生保健提供者之间的互动不理想所致。本研究旨在调查移民和非移民妇女在分娩期间的医疗保健体验，特别是评估两个方面：感知的一般护理质量和分娩期间的医疗保健需求的实现情况。
这是一项在 2020 年至 2021 年期间进行的横断面研究，数据来自一份自我完成的问卷。使用产妇保健体验问卷中的分娩子量表来评估护理体验的主要结果。在挪威中部特隆赫姆的一家医院，共有 680 名女性在分娩后大约两天内（平均 2.1 天）完成了问卷。问卷提供了八种语言版本。
680 名受访者被分类为移民（n=153）和非移民（n=527）。大多数女性对分娩期间的护理质量评价较高（91.5%）。然而，四分之一的女性（26.6%）报告在分娩期间存在未满足的医疗保健需求。与多产的非移民女性相比，多产的移民女性更有可能报告说她们在分娩期间的医疗保健需求未得到满足（OR：3.31，95%CI：1.91-5.72，p<0.001，aOR：2.83，95%CI：1.53-5.18，p=0.001）。在主观评价分娩护理体验方面，移民妇女与非移民妇女之间没有发现其他显著差异。拥有挪威出生的伴侣和较高的挪威语水平并没有影响移民妇女的分娩护理体验。
我们的研究结果表明，许多女性认为她们在分娩期间接受了高质量的医疗保健，但仍有相当一部分人报告说他们的医疗保健需求未得到满足。此外，多产的移民妇女报告的未满足医疗保健需求明显多于非移民妇女。需要进一步研究移民妇女的分娩体验，同时医疗保健提供者也需要提供最佳护理，这可能需要根据女性的文化背景和个人期望进行调整。
