Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India.
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India.
Acta Cytol. 2021;65(5):403-410. doi: 10.1159/000516496. Epub 2021 Jun 11.
Tobacco contains several genotoxic agents including N-nitrosamine which has the potential to cause significant nuclear damage. Nuclear blebbing is a form of protrusion on the nuclear membrane and could potentially be caused by tobacco-induced genotoxicity and is closely associated with malignancy. Thus, the present study aimed to assess if tobacco-associated oral potentially malignant disorders including oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral leukoplakia have a higher nuclear blebbing frequency than patients with normal oral mucosa with no history of tobacco use.
The sample consisted of patients with OSF (n = 30) and oral leukoplakia (n = 10) and normal oral mucosa (n = 10). Exfoliated cells collected from the study groups were smeared on a clean microscopic slide and stained by May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain. A baseline frequency of nuclear blebbing was evaluated using a bright-field microscope with a ×100 objective. The number of nuclear blebbing per 1,000 epithelial cells was recorded and expressed in percentage. ANOVA, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's correlation were used to analyze the data.
The mean rank of distribution of nuclear blebbing showed significant difference between all 3 groups, with the highest frequency noted in leukoplakia, followed by oral submucous and normal oral mucosa. Within OSF, the frequency of nuclear blebbing significantly increased from early stage to advanced stage. In OSF, a statistically significant positive linear correlation was noted between duration (in years), frequency (per day) of tobacco use, clinical grading, and nuclear blebbing.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of nuclear blebbing was significantly higher in oral potentially malignant disorders than normal mucosa. Nuclear blebbing also exhibited a strong dose- and time-dependent correlation with tobacco usage and clinical staging in OSF. The nuclear blebbing frequency could be a noninvasive, economic tool to assess malignant risk in tobacco-induced oral potentially malignant disorders.
烟草中含有几种遗传毒性物质,包括具有潜在致癌性的 N-亚硝胺。核泡突是核膜上的一种突起形式,可能是由烟草引起的遗传毒性引起的,与恶性肿瘤密切相关。因此,本研究旨在评估是否与烟草相关的口腔潜在恶性疾病,包括口腔黏膜下纤维化(OSF)和口腔白斑,其核泡突频率高于无烟草使用史的正常口腔黏膜患者。
样本包括 OSF 患者(n=30)、口腔白斑患者(n=10)和正常口腔黏膜患者(n=10)。从研究组收集的脱落细胞涂在干净的显微镜载玻片上,用 May-Grunwald-Giemsa 染色染色。使用带有 ×100 物镜的明场显微镜评估核泡突的基线频率。记录每 1000 个上皮细胞的核泡突数量,并以百分比表示。使用 ANOVA、Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Spearman 相关分析来分析数据。
核泡突分布的平均秩显示所有 3 组之间存在显著差异,白斑的频率最高,其次是口腔黏膜下纤维化和正常口腔黏膜。在 OSF 中,核泡突的频率从早期到晚期显著增加。在 OSF 中,使用烟草的持续时间(以年为单位)、频率(每天)、临床分级和核泡突之间存在统计学上显著的正线性相关性。
讨论/结论:口腔潜在恶性疾病的核泡突频率明显高于正常黏膜。核泡突与 OSF 中烟草使用和临床分期也表现出很强的剂量和时间依赖性相关性。核泡突频率可能是一种非侵入性、经济的工具,可用于评估烟草引起的口腔潜在恶性疾病的恶性风险。