Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
Work. 2021;69(2):697-709. doi: 10.3233/WOR-213510.
The suicide of college students had been a social topic attracting people's attention, and the generation of suicidal ideation was an inevitable link in the psychological process of suicidal behavior. It was the focus of many researches whether the pressure of college students with suicidal ideation can be detected and relieved in time.
The study aimed to analyze the therapeutic effect of cognitive behaviour therapy on psychological stress, depression, and other negative emotions of college students with suicide ideation.
114 people from 1,158 college students with suicide ideation in the Wuhan area were divided into an experimental group and a control group in this study. Students in the experimental group were given with the cognitive behaviour therapy, and students in the control group were not intervened in any way. The suicide ideation scale (despair, optimism, and sleep), psychological stress test rating, and self-reporting inventory (somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, delusion, and psychosis) were used to evaluate the objects in the pre-test stage, intermediate-test stage, and the tracking-test stage. The multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of the suicide ideation of the college student.
The suicide ideation of the college student was significantly positively correlated with the psychological stress, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and psychosis (P > 0.05); the total score of suicide ideation, despair, optimism, and sleep in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05) in the intermediate-test stage and the tracking-test stage (P < 0.05); the psychological stress, depression, and anxiety of the college students in the experimental group in the intermediate-test and tracking-test stage were slighter than those in the control group (P < 0.05); the somatization, compulsion, and interpersonal relationship of students in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
The psychological stress, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and psychosis were all risk factors for the college student to have suicide ideation. Negative emotions such as psychological stress, emotional depression, and anxiety of the college student with suicide ideation could be improved effectively by cognitive behaviour therapy, and the level of suicide ideation could be reduced finally.
大学生自杀一直是一个引人关注的社会话题，而自杀意念的产生是自杀行为心理过程中一个必然的环节。能否及时发现和缓解有自杀意念的大学生的心理压力，是众多研究的焦点。
分析认知行为疗法对有自杀意念的大学生心理压力、抑郁等负性情绪的疗效。
本研究从武汉市 1158 名有自杀意念的大学生中抽取 114 人，分为实验组和对照组。实验组接受认知行为疗法，对照组不进行任何干预。采用自杀意念量表（绝望、乐观、睡眠）、心理压力测试评分和自陈式量表（躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性）对对象进行前测、中测和跟踪测试阶段评估。采用多元逻辑回归分析大学生自杀意念的影响因素。
大学生自杀意念与心理压力、抑郁、人际关系敏感、焦虑和精神病性呈显著正相关（P＞0.05）；实验组在中测和跟踪测试阶段的自杀意念总分、绝望、乐观和睡眠均低于对照组（P＜0.05）；实验组大学生在中测和跟踪测试阶段的心理压力、抑郁和焦虑均轻于对照组（P＜0.05）；实验组学生在中测和跟踪测试阶段的躯体化、强迫和人际关系显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。
心理压力、抑郁、人际关系敏感、焦虑和精神病性均为大学生自杀意念的危险因素。认知行为疗法能有效改善有自杀意念大学生的心理压力、情绪抑郁和焦虑等负性情绪，最终降低自杀意念水平。
