常见瑜伽体式中的臀肌激活
Gluteal Muscle Activation During Common Yoga Poses.
作者信息
Lehecka B J, Stoffregen Sydney, May Adam, Thomas Jacob, Mettling Austin, Hoover Josh, Hafenstine Rex, Hakansson Nils A
机构信息
Wichita State University.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2021 Jun 1;16(3):662-670. doi: 10.26603/001c.22499.
BACKGROUND
Approximately 24% of physical therapists report regularly using yoga to strengthen major muscle groups. Although clinicians and athletes often use yoga as a form of strength training, little is known about the activation of specific muscle groups during yoga poses, including the gluteus maximus and medius.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure gluteus maximimus and gluteus medius activation via electromyography (EMG) during five common yoga poses. A secondary purpose of the current study was to examine differences in muscle activation between sexes and experience levels.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-Sectional.
METHODS
Thirty-one healthy males and females aged 18-35 years were tested during five yoga poses performed in a randomized order. Surface EMG electrodes were placed on subjects' right gluteus maximus and gluteus medius. Subjects performed the poses on both sides following a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) test for each muscle. All yoga pose EMG data were normalized to the corresponding muscle MVIC data.
RESULTS
Highest gluteus maximus activation occurred during Half Moon Pose on the lifted/back leg (63.3% MVIC), followed by the stance/front leg during Half Moon Pose (61.7%), then the lifted/back leg during Warrior Three Pose (46.1%). Highest gluteus medius activation occurred during Half Moon Pose on the lifted/back leg (41.9%), followed by the lifted/back leg during the Warrior Three Pose (41.6%). A significant difference was found in %MVIC of gluteus medius activity between male and female subjects (p = 0.026), and between experienced and inexperienced subjects (p = 0.050), indicating higher activation among males and inexperienced subjects, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Half Moon Pose and Warrior Three Pose elicited the highest activation for both the gluteus maximus and the gluteus medius. Higher gluteus medius activation was seen in males and inexperienced subjects compared to their female and experienced counterparts.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
背景
约24%的物理治疗师报告称经常使用瑜伽来增强主要肌肉群。尽管临床医生和运动员经常将瑜伽用作一种力量训练形式，但对于瑜伽体式（包括臀大肌和臀中肌）中特定肌肉群的激活情况知之甚少。
假设/目的：本研究的目的是通过肌电图（EMG）测量五种常见瑜伽体式中臀大肌和臀中肌的激活情况。本研究的第二个目的是检查性别和经验水平之间肌肉激活的差异。
研究设计
横断面研究。
方法
对31名年龄在18 - 35岁的健康男性和女性进行测试，让他们以随机顺序完成五种瑜伽体式。将表面肌电图电极放置在受试者右侧的臀大肌和臀中肌上。在对每块肌肉进行最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）测试后，受试者两侧都进行体式动作。所有瑜伽体式的肌电图数据均根据相应肌肉的MVIC数据进行归一化处理。
结果
臀大肌激活程度最高的是半月式中抬起/后侧的腿（63.3% MVIC），其次是半月式中站立/前侧的腿（61.7%），然后是战士三式中抬起/后侧的腿（46.1%）。臀中肌激活程度最高的是半月式中抬起/后侧的腿（41.9%），其次是战士三式中抬起/后侧的腿（41.6%）。在臀中肌活动的%MVIC方面，男性和女性受试者之间（p = 0.026）以及有经验和无经验的受试者之间（p = 0.050）存在显著差异，分别表明男性和无经验受试者的激活程度更高。
结论
半月式和战士三式对臀大肌和臀中肌的激活程度最高。与女性和有经验的受试者相比，男性和无经验的受试者的臀中肌激活程度更高。
证据水平
3级。
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