Aithal Ashwini P, Bairy Laxminarayana K, Seetharam Raviraja N
Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Department of Pharmacology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
Stem Cell Investig. 2021 May 11;8:10. doi: 10.21037/sci-2020-036. eCollection 2021.
Regenerative medicine is considered as an alternative approach to healthcare. Owing to their pluripotent abilities and their relative lack of ethical and legal issues, adult stem cells are considered as optimal candidates for use in the treatment of various diseases. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are among the most promising candidates for clinical applications as they have expressed a higher degree of plasticity . Many investigators have begun to examine how bone marrow stem cells might be used to rebuild damaged tissues. The systemic administration of cells for therapeutic applications requires efficient migration and homing of cells to the target site. Cell adhesion molecules and their ligands, chemokines, extracellular matrix components and specialized bone marrow niches all participate in the proper regulation of this process. MSCs suppress the pathophysiological process that is mediated by chronic inflammation and contributes to a modification of the microenvironment and tissue regeneration. Due to the intricacy of the mesenchymal stem cell, there is ever-increasing amount of data emerging about their migration and regenerative mechanisms. Many factors influence MSC mobilization and their homing to injured tissues. This review summarizes the current clinical and pre-clinical data available in literature regarding the use of MSC in tissue repair and their prospective therapeutic role in various diseases and the underlying repair mechanisms will be discussed.
再生医学被视为一种替代医疗保健方法。由于成体干细胞具有多能性且相对缺乏伦理和法律问题，它们被认为是治疗各种疾病的理想候选者。骨髓间充质干细胞是临床应用中最有前景的候选者之一，因为它们表现出更高程度的可塑性。许多研究人员已开始研究如何利用骨髓干细胞重建受损组织。用于治疗应用的细胞全身给药需要细胞有效地迁移并归巢到靶位点。细胞粘附分子及其配体、趋化因子、细胞外基质成分和特殊的骨髓龛都参与了这一过程的适当调节。间充质干细胞抑制由慢性炎症介导的病理生理过程，并有助于微环境的改变和组织再生。由于间充质干细胞的复杂性，关于其迁移和再生机制的数据不断增加。许多因素影响间充质干细胞的动员及其向受损组织的归巢。本综述总结了文献中现有的关于间充质干细胞在组织修复中的应用的临床和临床前数据，并将讨论它们在各种疾病中的潜在治疗作用及其潜在的修复机制。
