Fenton Melissa Pearman, Forthun Larry F, Aristild Saprina, Vasquez Katherine B
Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, 3041 McCarty D, PO BOX 110310, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC BOX 40, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
Adolesc Res Rev. 2022;7(1):101-126. doi: 10.1007/s40894-021-00161-6. Epub 2021 Jun 10.
Rural adolescents are transitioning to adulthood in the context of growing disparities. To advance research on the social, behavioral, and contextual factors that influence rural young adult development, this study conducted a scoping review. The review sought to identify how researchers defined rural and how/which theories guided their work; how they integrated the rural context into the research design and methods; and how they used variables, concepts, and outcomes to measure rural experiences. Included articles were published between January 2009 and November 2020, included young adults ages 18-29, measured adult role achievement and/or behavioral health outcomes and reported on these outcomes for young adults, and focused on a rural sample within the United States. A systematic search of four databases resulted in 25 empirical articles for the inductive, qualitative analysis. Most studies used atheoretical approaches focusing on outcomes related to adult social roles, substance use, and mental health. Five themes emerged focused on the definitions of rural, the level of integration into the research design and method, and variables salient to the rural experience. These results reveal that future research should clearly define the rural context and better integrate the rural context into the conceptualization, design, methods, and implications of the empirical research.
在差距日益扩大的背景下，农村青少年正步入成年期。为推动对影响农村青年发展的社会、行为和环境因素的研究，本研究进行了一项范围综述。该综述旨在确定研究人员如何界定农村地区，以及如何/哪些理论指导了他们的工作；他们如何将农村背景纳入研究设计和方法；以及他们如何使用变量、概念和结果来衡量农村经历。纳入的文章发表于2009年1月至2020年11月之间，研究对象为18至29岁的青年，测量了成人角色成就和/或行为健康结果，并报告了这些青年的相关结果，且聚焦于美国境内的农村样本。对四个数据库进行系统检索后，得到25篇实证文章用于归纳性定性分析。大多数研究采用非理论方法，聚焦于与成人社会角色、物质使用和心理健康相关的结果。出现了五个主题，重点关注农村的定义、融入研究设计和方法的程度，以及与农村经历相关的突出变量。这些结果表明，未来的研究应明确界定农村背景，并更好地将农村背景纳入实证研究的概念化、设计、方法和启示中。
